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The varying impacts of COVID-19 and its related measures in the UK: A year in review

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  • Muzhi Zhou
  • Man-Yee Kan

Abstract

We examine how the earnings, time use, and subjective wellbeing of different social groups changed at different stages/waves of the pandemic in the United Kingdom (UK). We analyze longitudinal data from the latest UK Household Longitudinal Survey (UKHLS) COVID study and the earlier waves of the UKHLS to investigate within-individual changes in labor income, paid work time, housework time, childcare time, and distress level during the three lockdown periods and the easing period between them (from April 2020 to late March 2021). We find that as the pandemic developed, COVID-19 and its related lockdown measures in the UK had unequal and varying impacts on people’s income, time use, and subjective well-being based on their gender, ethnicity, and educational level. In conclusion, the extent of the impacts of COVID-19 and COVID-induced measures as well as the speed at which these impacts developed, varied across social groups with different types of vulnerabilities.

Suggested Citation

  • Muzhi Zhou & Man-Yee Kan, 2021. "The varying impacts of COVID-19 and its related measures in the UK: A year in review," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 16(9), pages 1-21, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0257286
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0257286
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Davillas, Apostolos & M. Jones, Andrew, 2020. "The COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on inequality of opportunity in psychological distress in the UK," ISER Working Paper Series 2020-07, Institute for Social and Economic Research.
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    Cited by:

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    2. Jiunn Wang & Anne Spencer & Claire Hulme & Anne Corbett & Zunera Khan & Miguel Vasconcelos Silva & Siobhan O’Dwyer & Natalie Wright & Ingelin Testad & Clive Ballard & Byron Creese & Richard Smith, 2022. "Healthcare utilisation, physical activity and mental health during COVID-19 lockdown: an interrupted time-series analysis of older adults in England," European Journal of Ageing, Springer, vol. 19(4), pages 1617-1630, December.
    3. Faruk Ahmeti & Burim Prenaj, 2022. "Determinants Affecting Consumer Acceptance and Adoption of Internet Banking in Developing Countries: The case study of Kosovo," Economic Studies journal, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences - Economic Research Institute, issue 6, pages 60-79.
    4. Giuseppe Francesco Papalia & Giorgia Petrucci & Fabrizio Russo & Luca Ambrosio & Gianluca Vadalà & Sergio Iavicoli & Rocco Papalia & Vincenzo Denaro, 2022. "COVID-19 Pandemic Increases the Impact of Low Back Pain: A Systematic Review and Metanalysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(8), pages 1-11, April.
    5. Apostolos Davillas & Andrew M Jones, 2021. "The first wave of the COVID‐19 pandemic and its impact on socioeconomic inequality in psychological distress in the UK," Health Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 30(7), pages 1668-1683, July.
    6. Jurgita Markevičiūtė & Jolita Bernatavičienė & Rūta Levulienė & Viktor Medvedev & Povilas Treigys & Julius Venskus, 2022. "Impact of COVID-19-Related Lockdown Measures on Economic and Social Outcomes in Lithuania," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 10(15), pages 1-20, August.
    7. David G. Blanchflower & Alex Bryson, 2024. "The female happiness paradox," Journal of Population Economics, Springer;European Society for Population Economics, vol. 37(1), pages 1-27, March.
    8. Nolan, Anne & Smyth, Emer, 2022. "Disrupted transitions: young adults during the COVID-19 pandemic," Research Series, Economic and Social Research Institute (ESRI), number RS142.
    9. Costi, Chiara & Hollingsworth, Bruce & O'Sullivan, Vincent & Zucchelli, Eugenio, 2023. "Does caring for others affect our mental health? Evidence from the COVID-19 pandemic," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 321(C).

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