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Organizational justice, psychological distress, and stress-related behaviors by occupational class in female Japanese employees

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  • Yumiko Kobayashi
  • Naoki Kondo

Abstract

Backgrounds: Recent evidence has suggested that in Japan, professionals and managers have a higher risk of poor health than other workers (e.g., clerks and manual laborers), and this effect may be stronger among women than men. Low organizational justice, which is known to be a potential risk factor for poor health among employees, may explain the gender-specific association. Methods: We examined the associations between perceived organizational justice and psychological distress and stress-related behaviors (smoking and heavy drinking) in 2,216 female and 7,557 male employees aged 18 to 69 years from the Japanese Study of Health, Occupation, and Psychosocial Factors Related Equity. We measured both procedural and interactional justice, and compared managers and professionals with other employees. Results: After adjusting for demographic characteristics and occupational stress, low levels of perceived procedural and interactional justice were found to be associated with a high prevalence of psychological distress for both women and men, regardless of occupational status. Among female managers and professionals, perceived interactional justice (measured as the levels of supports by supervisors, etc.) was significantly associated with smoking, whereas no such association was observed among other workers. When interactional justice was perceived to be low, the prevalence of smoking was 6.5 percentage points higher among managers and professionals than among others. Neither procedural nor interactional justice was associated with risk of heavy drinking. Conclusions: Female managers and professionals in a workplace with unsupportive supervisors may be more likely to engage in unhealthy coping behaviors to manage their stress. Creating supportive workplaces may be beneficial in increasing workers’ health, especially for female managers and professionals.

Suggested Citation

  • Yumiko Kobayashi & Naoki Kondo, 2019. "Organizational justice, psychological distress, and stress-related behaviors by occupational class in female Japanese employees," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 14(4), pages 1-13, April.
  • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0214393
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0214393
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Elovainio, M. & Kivimäki, M. & Vahtera, J., 2002. "Organizational justice: Evidence of a new psychosocial predictor of health," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 92(1), pages 105-108.
    2. Elovainio, Marko & Linna, Anne & Virtanen, Marianna & Oksanen, Tuula & Kivimäki, Mika & Pentti, Jaana & Vahtera, Jussi, 2013. "Perceived organizational justice as a predictor of long-term sickness absence due to diagnosed mental disorders: Results from the prospective longitudinal Finnish Public Sector Study," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 91(C), pages 39-47.
    3. Tsutsumi, Akizumi & Kayaba, Kazunori & Ishikawa, Shizukiyo, 2011. "Impact of occupational stress on stroke across occupational classes and genders," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 72(10), pages 1652-1658, May.
    4. Sekine, Michikazu & Chandola, Tarani & Martikainen, Pekka & Marmot, Michael & Kagamimori, Sadanobu, 2010. "Sex differences in physical and mental functioning of Japanese civil servants: Explanations from work and family characteristics," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 71(12), pages 2091-2099, December.
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    1. Nicola Magnavita & Carlo Chiorri & Daniela Acquadro Maran & Sergio Garbarino & Reparata Rosa Di Prinzio & Martina Gasbarri & Carmela Matera & Anna Cerrina & Maddalena Gabriele & Marcella Labella, 2022. "Organizational Justice and Health: A Survey in Hospital Workers," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(15), pages 1-10, August.
    2. Maitixirepu Jilili & Aliya Aini, 2023. "Examining the Moderating Effect of Occupational Status on the Association of Organizational Justice and Job Satisfaction," Public Organization Review, Springer, vol. 23(1), pages 97-111, March.
    3. Ana Soto-Rubio & María del Carmen Giménez-Espert & Vicente Prado-Gascó, 2020. "Effect of Emotional Intelligence and Psychosocial Risks on Burnout, Job Satisfaction, and Nurses’ Health during the COVID-19 Pandemic," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(21), pages 1-14, October.

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