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Relationship among family environment, self-control, friendship quality, and adolescents’ smartphone addiction in South Korea: Findings from nationwide data

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  • Hye-Jin Kim
  • Jin-Young Min
  • Kyoung-Bok Min
  • Tae-Jin Lee
  • Seunghyun Yoo

Abstract

Background: Many studies have examined the negative impact on smartphone addiction in adolescents. Recent concerns have focused on predictors of smartphone addiction. This study aimed to investigate the association of adolescents’ smartphone addiction with family environment (specifically, domestic violence and parental addiction). We further investigated whether self-control and friendship quality, as predictors of smartphone addiction, may reduce the observed risk. Methods: We used the 2013 national survey on internet usage and utilization data from the National Information Agency of Korea. Information on exposure and covariates included self-reported experience of domestic violence and parental addiction, sociodemographic variables, and other variables potentially related to smartphone addiction. Smartphone addiction was estimated using a smartphone addiction proneness scale, a standardized measure developed by national institutions in Korea. Results: Adolescents who had experienced domestic violence (OR = 1.74; 95% CI: 1.23–2.45) and parental addiction (OR = 2.01; 95% CI: 1.24–3.27) were found to be at an increased risk for smartphone addiction after controlling for all potential variables. Furthermore, on classifying adolescents according to their level of self-control and friendship quality the association between domestic violence and parental addiction, and smartphone addiction was found to be significant in the group with adolescents with lower levels of self-control (OR = 2.87; 95% CI: 1.68–4.90 and OR = 1.95; 95% CI: 1.34–2.83) and friendship quality (OR = 2.33; 95% CI: 1.41–3.85 and OR = 1.83; 95% CI: 1.26–2.64). Conclusion: Our findings suggest that family dysfunction was significantly associated with smartphone addiction. We also observed that self-control and friendship quality act as protective factors against adolescents’ smartphone addiction.

Suggested Citation

  • Hye-Jin Kim & Jin-Young Min & Kyoung-Bok Min & Tae-Jin Lee & Seunghyun Yoo, 2018. "Relationship among family environment, self-control, friendship quality, and adolescents’ smartphone addiction in South Korea: Findings from nationwide data," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 13(2), pages 1-13, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0190896
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0190896
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Meldrum, Ryan C. & Young, Jacob T.N. & Burt, Callie Harbin & Piquero, Alex R., 2013. "Maternal versus adolescent reports of self-control: Implications for testing the general theory of crime," Journal of Criminal Justice, Elsevier, vol. 41(1), pages 24-32.
    2. Min Kwon & Joon-Yeop Lee & Wang-Youn Won & Jae-Woo Park & Jung-Ah Min & Changtae Hahn & Xinyu Gu & Ji-Hye Choi & Dai-Jin Kim, 2013. "Development and Validation of a Smartphone Addiction Scale (SAS)," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 8(2), pages 1-7, February.
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    2. Myriam Forster & Christopher J. Rogers & Steven Sussman & Jonathan Watts & Tahsin Rahman & Sheila Yu & Stephanie M. Benjamin, 2021. "Can Adverse Childhood Experiences Heighten Risk for Problematic Internet and Smartphone Use? Findings from a College Sample," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(11), pages 1-15, June.
    3. Zhao, Yunyan & Chen, Fumei & Yuan, Chunyong & Luo, Rui & Ma, Xinyu & Zhang, Cai, 2021. "Parental favoritism and mobile phone addiction in Chinese adolescents: The role of sibling relationship and gender difference," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 120(C).
    4. In-Whi Hwang & Ju-Pil Choe & Jeong-Hui Park & Jung-Min Lee, 2022. "Association between Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior, Satisfaction with Sleep Fatigue Recovery and Smartphone Dependency among Korean Adolescents: An Age- and Gender-Matched Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(23), pages 1-12, November.
    5. Wen-Jiun Chou & Ray C. Hsiao & Cheng-Fang Yen, 2022. "Parental Efficacy in Managing Smartphone Use of Adolescents with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Parental and Adolescent Related Factors," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(15), pages 1-10, August.
    6. Yao-Chung Cheng & Tian-Ai Yang & Jin-Chuan Lee, 2021. "The Relationship between Smartphone Addiction, Parent–Child Relationship, Loneliness and Self-Efficacy among Senior High School Students in Taiwan," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(16), pages 1-16, August.
    7. Xiong, Sicheng & Zhang, Anqi & Zhang, Bin & Xu, Yi, 2023. "Patterns of smartphone addiction in adolescents and their association with multiple ecological factors: A latent profile analysis," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 155(C).
    8. Qiao, Lu & Liu, Qinxue, 2020. "The effect of technoference in parent-child relationships on adolescent smartphone addiction: The role of cognitive factors," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 118(C).
    9. Sheila Yu & Steve Sussman, 2020. "Does Smartphone Addiction Fall on a Continuum of Addictive Behaviors?," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(2), pages 1-21, January.

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