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Smoking prevalence in Medicaid has been declining at a negligible rate

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  • Shu-Hong Zhu
  • Christopher M Anderson
  • Yue-Lin Zhuang
  • Anthony C Gamst
  • Neal D Kohatsu

Abstract

Background: In recent decades the overall smoking prevalence in the US has fallen steadily. This study examines whether the same trend is seen in the Medicaid population. Methods and findings: National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) data from 17 consecutive annual surveys from 1997 to 2013 (combined N = 514,043) were used to compare smoking trends for 4 insurance groups: Medicaid, the Uninsured, Private Insurance, and Other Coverage. Rates of chronic disease and psychological distress were also compared. Results: Adjusted smoking prevalence showed no detectable decline in the Medicaid population (from 33.8% in 1997 to 31.8% in 2013, trend test P = 0.13), while prevalence in the other insurance groups showed significant declines (38.6%-34.7% for the Uninsured, 21.3%-15.8% for Private Insurance, and 22.6%-16.8% for Other Coverage; all P’s

Suggested Citation

  • Shu-Hong Zhu & Christopher M Anderson & Yue-Lin Zhuang & Anthony C Gamst & Neal D Kohatsu, 2017. "Smoking prevalence in Medicaid has been declining at a negligible rate," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 12(5), pages 1-15, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0178279
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0178279
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Messer, K. & Trinidad, D.R. & Al-Delaimy, W.K. & Pierce, J.P., 2008. "Smoking cessation rates in the United States: A comparison of young adult and older smokers," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 98(2), pages 317-322.
    2. James P. Smith, 1999. "Healthy Bodies and Thick Wallets: The Dual Relation between Health and Economic Status," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 13(2), pages 145-166, Spring.
    3. Thomas Land & Donna Warner & Mark Paskowsky & Ayesha Cammaerts & LeAnn Wetherell & Rachel Kaufmann & Lei Zhang & Ann Malarcher & Terry Pechacek & Lois Keithly, 2010. "Medicaid Coverage for Tobacco Dependence Treatments in Massachusetts and Associated Decreases in Smoking Prevalence," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 5(3), pages 1-6, March.
    4. Patrick Richard & Kristina West & Leighton Ku, 2012. "The Return on Investment of a Medicaid Tobacco Cessation Program in Massachusetts," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 7(1), pages 1-8, January.
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    Cited by:

    1. Ruoyan Sun & David Mendez, 2019. "Finding the optimal mix of smoking initiation and cessation interventions to reduce smoking prevalence," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 14(3), pages 1-12, March.

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