IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/plo/pone00/0145606.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Depression among Migrant and Left-Behind Children in China in Relation to the Quality of Parent-Child and Teacher-Child Relationships

Author

Listed:
  • Jing Guo
  • Xuezhu Ren
  • Xiaohua Wang
  • Zhiyong Qu
  • Qianyun Zhou
  • Chun Ran
  • Xia Wang
  • Juan Hu

Abstract

The objective of this study was to examine rates of depression among migrant children (MC) and left-behind children (LBC) as compared to non-left-behind children (NLBC) and also to examine the relationship between depression among these children and the quality of their parent-child and teacher-child relationships. This study collected data from a large sample of 3,759 children aged from 8 to 17 years, including 824 who had been left behind by one parent (LBCO), 423 who had been left behind by both parents (LBCB), 568 MC and 1944 NLBC. Children’s Depression Inventory–Short Form was used to measure child depression. Parent-Child Relationship Scale (PCRS) and Teacher-Child Relationship Scale (TCRS) were used to measure the quality of parent-child and teacher-child relationships, respectively. The results showed that the prevalence of depression was 10.5% among NLBC, 13.1% among LBCO, 16.1% among LBCB, and 20.1% among MC. Depression was related to parent-child relationship quality and teacher-child relationship quality. Negative parent-child relationship was more relevant to depression than negative teacher-child relationship among LBCB, while negative teacher-child relationship was the most correlated with depression among MC.

Suggested Citation

  • Jing Guo & Xuezhu Ren & Xiaohua Wang & Zhiyong Qu & Qianyun Zhou & Chun Ran & Xia Wang & Juan Hu, 2015. "Depression among Migrant and Left-Behind Children in China in Relation to the Quality of Parent-Child and Teacher-Child Relationships," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 10(12), pages 1-15, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0145606
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0145606
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0145606
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0145606&type=printable
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1371/journal.pone.0145606?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. John Knight & Lina Song & Jia Huaibin, 1999. "Chinese rural migrants in urban enterprises: Three perspectives," Journal of Development Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 35(3), pages 73-104.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Yang, Ning & Qi, Yanan & Lu, Jinjin & Hu, Jiangbo & Ren, Yonggang, 2021. "Teacher-child relationships, self-concept, resilience, and social withdrawal among Chinese left-behind children: A moderated mediation model," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 129(C).
    2. Gengfeng Niu & Huanyou Chai & Zhanxing Li & Li Wu & Xiaojun Sun & Zongkui Zhou, 2020. "Online Parent-Child Communication and Left-Behind Children’s Subjective Well-Being: the Effects of Parent-Child Relationship and Gratitude," Child Indicators Research, Springer;The International Society of Child Indicators (ISCI), vol. 13(3), pages 967-980, June.
    3. Huajun Wu & Zhiyong Cai & Qing Yan & Yi Yu & Ning Neil Yu, 2021. "The Impact of Childhood Left-Behind Experience on the Mental Health of Late Adolescents: Evidence from Chinese College Freshmen," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(5), pages 1-12, March.
    4. Chen, Qihui & Liu, Xiaoyue & Zhao, Qiran, 2018. "Better Nutrition, Healthier Mind? – Experimental Evidence from Primary Schools in Rural Northwestern China," 2018 Annual Meeting, August 5-7, Washington, D.C. 273907, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.
    5. Zhen, Rui & Li, Lu & Liu, Xuanwen & Zhou, Xiao, 2020. "Negative life events, depression, and mobile phone dependency among left-behind adolescents in rural China: An interpersonal perspective," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 109(C).
    6. Wenjie Duan & Xinhang Yu & Xiaoqing Tang, 2023. "“Humor A B C” Program: Specific Strength Intervention in Facilitating the Positive Development of Left-Behind Children," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 24(4), pages 1605-1624, April.
    7. Haixia Liu & Zhongliang Zhou & Xiaojing Fan & Jiu Wang & Hongwei Sun & Chi Shen & Xiangming Zhai, 2020. "The Influence of Left-Behind Experience on College Students’ Mental Health: A Cross-Sectional Comparative Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(5), pages 1-15, February.
    8. Alaazi, Dominic A. & Salami, Bukola & Gabriel Ojakovo, Oghenevwarho & Nsaliwa, Christina & Okeke-Ihejirika, Philomina & Salma, Jordana & Islam, Bonnieca, 2022. "Mobilizing communities and families for child mental health promotion in Canada: Views of African immigrants," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 139(C).
    9. Xue, Qi & Xie, Xinyan & Liu, Qi & Zhou, Yu & Zhu, Kaiheng & Wu, Hao & Wan, Zihao & Feng, Yanan & Meng, Heng & Zhang, Jiajia & Zuo, Pengxiang & Song, Ranran, 2021. "Knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards COVID-19 among primary school students in Hubei Province, China," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 120(C).
    10. Ru Chen & Xin Chen, 2023. "Latent Profile Analysis of the Positive Development of Migrant Adolescents: the Roles of Family Capital and Resilience," Child Indicators Research, Springer;The International Society of Child Indicators (ISCI), vol. 16(4), pages 1733-1754, August.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Roberts, Kenneth D., 2001. "The determinants of job choice by rural labor migrants in Shanghai," China Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 12(1), pages 15-39.
    2. Vendryes, Thomas, 2011. "Migration constraints and development: Hukou and capital accumulation in China," China Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 22(4), pages 669-692.
    3. John Knight & Linda Yueh, 2004. "Urban Insiders versus Rural Outsiders: Complementarity or Competition in China`s Urban Labour Market?," Economics Series Working Papers 217, University of Oxford, Department of Economics.
    4. Liu, Yang, 2013. "Labor market matching and unemployment in urban China," China Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 24(C), pages 108-128.
    5. David Dollar & Benjamin F. Jones, 2013. "China: An Institutional View of an Unusual Macroeconomy," NBER Working Papers 19662, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    6. Lall, Somik V. & Selod, Harris & Shalizi, Zmarak, 2006. "Rural-urban migration in developing countries : a survey of theoretical predictions and empirical findings," Policy Research Working Paper Series 3915, The World Bank.
    7. Démurger, Sylvie & Gurgand, Marc & Li, Shi & Yue, Ximing, 2009. "Migrants as second-class workers in urban China? A decomposition analysis," Journal of Comparative Economics, Elsevier, vol. 37(4), pages 610-628, December.
    8. Yoko Niimi & Thai Hung Pham & Barry Reilly, 2009. "Determinants of Remittances: Recent Evidence Using Data on Internal Migrants in Vietnam," Asian Economic Journal, East Asian Economic Association, vol. 23(1), pages 19-39, March.
    9. Thankom Arun & Vani Borooah & Shoba Arun, 2013. "Earnings inequality in sri lanka," Journal of Developing Areas, Tennessee State University, College of Business, vol. 47(1), pages 355-371, January-J.
    10. Jin, Zhangfeng, 2020. "Welfare Magnets and Internal Migration in China," GLO Discussion Paper Series 498, Global Labor Organization (GLO).
    11. Ernest Boffy-Ramirez & Soojae Moon, 2018. "The role of China’s household registration system in the urban-rural income differential," China Economic Journal, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 11(2), pages 108-125, May.
    12. repec:ilo:ilowps:420406 is not listed on IDEAS
    13. Bibhas Saha, 2006. "Labour Institutions in China and India," Journal of South Asian Development, , vol. 1(2), pages 179-205, October.
    14. Yuling Cui & Daehoon Nahm & Massimiliano Tani, 2017. "Employment Choice And Ownership Structure In Transitional China," The Singapore Economic Review (SER), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 62(02), pages 325-344, June.
    15. Teal, Francis, 2000. "Real wages and the demand for skilled and unskilled male labour in Ghana's manufacturing sector: 1991-1995," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 61(2), pages 447-461, April.
    16. Kleinwechter, Ulrich & Grethe, Harald, 2011. "Trade reform, migration, and a Chinese village economy," 2011 International Congress, August 30-September 2, 2011, Zurich, Switzerland 114753, European Association of Agricultural Economists.
    17. Yuyu Chen & Ginger Zhe Jin & Yang Yue, 2024. "Peer Migration in China," Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, Department of Economics, University of Oxford, vol. 86(2), pages 257-313, April.
    18. Yi CHEN & Sylvie DEMURGER & Martin FOURNIER, 2004. "Différentiels salariaux, segmentation et discrimination à l’égard des femmes sur le marché du travail chinois," Working Papers 200426, CERDI.
    19. Xubei Luo & Nong Zhu, 2020. "Hub-Periphery Development Pattern and Inclusive Growth: Case Study of Guangdong Province," CIRANO Working Papers 2019s-39, CIRANO.
    20. Almas Heshmati & Biwei Su, 2017. "Analysis Of Gender Wage Differential In China’S Urban Labor Market," The Singapore Economic Review (SER), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 62(02), pages 423-445, June.
    21. Chen, Zhuo & Huffman, Wallace E. & Rozelle, Scott, 2004. "Migration And Local Off-Farm Working In Rural China," 2004 Annual meeting, August 1-4, Denver, CO 20075, American Agricultural Economics Association (New Name 2008: Agricultural and Applied Economics Association).

    More about this item

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0145606. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: plosone (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://journals.plos.org/plosone/ .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.