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A Conserved Pre-Block Interaction Motif Regulates Potassium Channel Activation and N-Type Inactivation

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  • Paul J Pfaffinger

Abstract

N-type inactivation occurs when the N-terminus of a potassium channel binds into the open pore of the channel. This study examined the relationship between activation and steady state inactivation for mutations affecting the N-type inactivation properties of the Aplysia potassium channel AKv1 expressed in Xenopus oocytes. The results show that the traditional single-step model for N-type inactivation fails to properly account for the observed relationship between steady state channel activation and inactivation curves. We find that the midpoint of the steady state inactivation curve depends in part on a secondary interaction between the channel core and a region of the N-terminus just proximal to the pore blocking peptide that we call the Inactivation Proximal (IP) region. The IP interaction with the channel core produces a negative shift in the activation and inactivation curves, without blocking the pore. A tripeptide motif in the IP region was identified in a large number of different N-type inactivation domains most likely reflecting convergent evolution in addition to direct descent. Point mutating a conserved hydrophobic residue in this motif eliminates the gating voltage shift, accelerates recovery from inactivation and decreases the amount of pore block produced during inactivation. The IP interaction we have identified likely stabilizes the open state and positions the pore blocking region of the N-terminus at the internal opening to the transmembrane pore by forming a Pre-Block (P state) interaction with residues lining the side window vestibule of the channel.

Suggested Citation

  • Paul J Pfaffinger, 2013. "A Conserved Pre-Block Interaction Motif Regulates Potassium Channel Activation and N-Type Inactivation," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 8(11), pages 1-14, November.
  • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0079891
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0079891
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Jochen Roeper & Sabine Sewing & Ying Zhang & Tobias Sommer & Siegmund G. Wanner & Olaf Pongs, 1998. "NIP domain prevents N-type inactivation in voltage-gated potassium channels," Nature, Nature, vol. 391(6665), pages 390-393, January.
    3. Vivian Gonzalez-Perez & Xu-Hui Zeng & Katie Henzler-Wildman & Christopher J. Lingle, 2012. "Stereospecific binding of a disordered peptide segment mediates BK channel inactivation," Nature, Nature, vol. 485(7396), pages 133-136, May.
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