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Neighborhood Disadvantage, Neighborhood Safety and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in African Americans: Biosocial Associations in the Jackson Heart Study

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  • Cheryl R Clark
  • Mark J Ommerborn
  • DeMarc A Hickson
  • Kya N Grooms
  • Mario Sims
  • Herman A Taylor
  • Michelle A Albert

Abstract

Objective: We examined associations between neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage, perceived neighborhood safety and cardiometabolic risk factors, adjusting for health behaviors and socioeconomic status (SES) among African Americans. Methods: Study participants were non-diabetic African Americans (n = 3,909) in the baseline examination (2000–2004) of the Jackson Heart Study. We measured eight risk factors: the metabolic syndrome, its five components, insulin resistance and cardiovascular inflammation. We assessed neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage with US Census 2000 data. We assessed perceived neighborhood safety, health behaviors and SES via survey. We used generalized estimating equations to estimate associations with a random intercept model for neighborhood effects. Results: After adjustment for health behaviors and SES, neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage was associated with the metabolic syndrome in women (PR 1.13, 95% CI 1.01, 1.27). Lack of perceived safety was associated with elevated glucose (OR 1.36, 95% CI 1.03, 1.80) and waist circumference (PR 1.06, 95% CI 1.02, 1.11) among women, and with elevated glucose (PR 1.30, 95% CI 1.02, 1.66) and insulin resistance (PR 1.25, 95% CI 1.08, 1.46) among men. Conclusions: Neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage and perceived safety should be considered as targets for intervention to reduce cardiometabolic risks among African Americans.

Suggested Citation

  • Cheryl R Clark & Mark J Ommerborn & DeMarc A Hickson & Kya N Grooms & Mario Sims & Herman A Taylor & Michelle A Albert, 2013. "Neighborhood Disadvantage, Neighborhood Safety and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in African Americans: Biosocial Associations in the Jackson Heart Study," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 8(5), pages 1-10, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0063254
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0063254
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Hickson, D.A. & Roux, A.V.D. & Smith, A.E. & Tucker, K.L. & Gore, L.D. & Zhang, L. & Wyatt, S.B., 2011. "Associations of fast food restaurant availability with dietary intake and weight among African Americans in the Jackson Heart study, 2000-2004," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 101(SUPPL. 1), pages 301-309.
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    1. Barber, Sharrelle & Hickson, DeMarc A. & Kawachi, Ichiro & Subramanian, S.V. & Earls, Felton, 2016. "Double-jeopardy: The joint impact of neighborhood disadvantage and low social cohesion on cumulative risk of disease among African American men and women in the Jackson Heart Study," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 153(C), pages 107-115.
    2. Linda D. Ruiz & Molly Brown & Yan Li & Elizabeth A. Boots & Lisa L. Barnes & Leonard Jason & Shannon Zenk & Philippa Clarke & Melissa Lamar, 2021. "Neighborhood Socioeconomic Resources and Crime-Related Psychosocial Hazards, Stroke Risk, and Cognition in Older Adults," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(10), pages 1-11, May.
    3. Renin Toms & Xiaoqi Feng & Darren J Mayne & Andrew Bonney, 2020. "Role of Area-Level Access to Primary Care on the Geographic Variation of Cardiometabolic Risk Factor Distribution: A Multilevel Analysis of the Adult Residents in the Illawarra—Shoalhaven Region of NS," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(12), pages 1-21, June.
    4. Tulani Washington-Plaskett & Muhammed Y. Idris & Mohamed Mubasher & Yi-An Ko & Shabatun Jamila Islam & Sandra Dunbar & Herman Taylor & Arshed Ali Quyyumi & Priscilla Pemu, 2021. "Impact of Technology-Based Intervention for Improving Self-Management Behaviors in Black Adults with Poor Cardiovascular Health: A Randomized Control Trial," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(7), pages 1-15, April.
    5. Jackson, Pamela & Spector, Antoinette L. & Strath, Larissa J. & Antoine, Lisa H. & Li, Peng & Goodin, Burel R. & Hidalgo, Bertha A. & Kempf, Mirjam-Colette & Gonzalez, Cesar E. & Jones, Alana C. & Fos, 2023. "Epigenetic age acceleration mediates the relationship between neighborhood deprivation and pain severity in adults with or at risk for knee osteoarthritis pain," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 331(C).

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