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Cambio técnico y empleo en la industria manufacturera peruana

Author

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  • Máximo Vega-Centeno

    (Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú)

Abstract

Es común, además de razonable, vincular la situación o los problemas del empleo, con la tecnología; y, así mismo, muy frecuente el juicio sobre la naturaleza de las técnicas elegidas y el carácter del progreso técnico como los responsables del desempleo y el subempleo, graves y persistentes en una economía subdesarrollada. En realidad,s e trata de problemas y desafíos, de condicionamientos y de interrelaciones diversos, que generan efectos variados no sólo en lo inmediato, sino también a más largo plazo, efectos que es necesario identificar y discutir. Ahora bien, para que esa discusión sea útil, creemos que debe superar cómodas simplificaciones, y admitir la complejidad de los fenómenos que considera: el cambio técnico no se reduce a una proporción de factores y el empleo no se puede reducir a un número de puestos de trabajo o de horas-hombre exclusivamente. Por tanto, con el fin de iniciar esa discusión, resumiremos algunos resultados obtenidos; en el curso de investigaciones anteriores, los mismos que nos permiten evaluar y caracterizar los fenómenos técnicos en una perspectiva dinámica y con referencia a la realidad específica que constituyen la Industria Manufacturera y la Fuerza de Trabajo Urbana en el Perú. Se trata de un esfuerzo por responder a interrogantes básicos sobre la naturaleza, el alcance y la significación de fenómenos tecnológicos en una estructura industrial particular y evaluar su vigencia e importancia en una etapa de grave y prolongada crisis,

Suggested Citation

  • Máximo Vega-Centeno, 1986. "Cambio técnico y empleo en la industria manufacturera peruana," Revista Economía, Fondo Editorial - Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, vol. 0(17-18), pages 83-118.
  • Handle: RePEc:pcp:pucrev:y:1986:i:18:p:83-118
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Ashenfelter, Orley & Heckman, James J, 1974. "The Estimation of Income and Substitution Effects in a Model of Family Labor Supply," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 42(1), pages 73-85, January.
    2. Edward M. Gramlich, 1976. "Impact of Minimum Wages on Other Wages, Employment, and Family Incomes," Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, Economic Studies Program, The Brookings Institution, vol. 7(2), pages 409-462.
    3. Máximo Vega-Centeno & María Antonia Remenyi, 1981. "Cambio técnico en estructuras industriales heterogéneas: el caso de las industrias de pulpa y papel en el Perú," Revista Economía, Fondo Editorial - Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, vol. 0(08), pages 103-163.
    4. Máximo Vega-Centeno, 1985. "Tecnología y condiciones de trabajo en la industria," Apuntes. Revista de ciencias sociales, Fondo Editorial, Universidad del Pacífico, vol. 12(15), pages 19-35.
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