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Longitudinal trajectories of self-esteem, related predictors, and impact on depression among students over a four-year period at college in China

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Listed:
  • Xinqiao Liu

    (Tianjin University)

  • Yilin Yuan

    (Tianjin University)

  • Wenjuan Gao

    (Beihang University)

  • Yunfeng Luo

    (University of Electronic Science and Technology of China)

Abstract

Self-esteem plays a crucial role in the psychological development of college students. Based on four-wave longitudinal data, this study empirically investigated the longitudinal trajectories of self-esteem, related predictors, and the impact on depression in a sample of Chinese college students. Piecewise growth mixture modeling was utilized to identify potential self-esteem trajectories. Furthermore, multinomial logistic regression models were employed along with the Kruskal‒Wallis test to analyze the factors that influence self-esteem development trajectories and assess variations in depression. The results showed that college students’ self-esteem trajectories can be divided into three categories: slowly decreasing (81.04%), rising then falling (16.94%), and falling then rising (2.02%). Various personal factors (e.g. ethnicity, family residence, self-reported health status, extroversion) and socioeconomic factors (e.g. closeness with classmates, family economic level, family social status, and the mother’s educational level) can influence the classification of students’ self-esteem development trajectories. Moreover, notable differences in depression were observed among students in different self-esteem trajectory groups. The results emphasize the imperative of implementing interventions to enhance self-esteem among college students.

Suggested Citation

  • Xinqiao Liu & Yilin Yuan & Wenjuan Gao & Yunfeng Luo, 2024. "Longitudinal trajectories of self-esteem, related predictors, and impact on depression among students over a four-year period at college in China," Palgrave Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 11(1), pages 1-8, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:pal:palcom:v:11:y:2024:i:1:d:10.1057_s41599-024-03136-9
    DOI: 10.1057/s41599-024-03136-9
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Gilles Celeux & Gilda Soromenho, 1996. "An entropy criterion for assessing the number of clusters in a mixture model," Journal of Classification, Springer;The Classification Society, vol. 13(2), pages 195-212, September.
    2. Xinqiao Liu & Yan Li & Xiaojie Cao, 2024. "Bidirectional reduction effects of perceived stress and general self-efficacy among college students: a cross-lagged study," Palgrave Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 11(1), pages 1-8, December.
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