IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/pal/eurjdr/v34y2022i3d10.1057_s41287-021-00434-9.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Highways to Hell? Paths Towards the Formal Financial Exclusion: Empirical Lessons of the Households from Northern Hungary

Author

Listed:
  • Márton Gosztonyi

    (Budapest Business School University of Applied Sciences)

  • Dániel Havran

    (Corvinus University of Budapest)

Abstract

Whenever a household faces lack of banking payment services and access to funding, it often constraints their everyday activities and the chance to avail the financial services again. Our study explores the possible explanations of why a household becomes financially excluded in an underdeveloped area of Northern Hungary. By using a questionnaire (n = 502) in the spring of 2019, we conducted a covariance-based SEM analysis for detecting the key reasons. We find that the low level of income, high ratio of financial problems and high intensity of short-term borrowings equally and directly contribute to the financial exclusion of the households. Furthermore, we could not confirm any direct effects of the banking service availability, although bank services significantly influence an intermediary factor, which is the increasing repayment problem in the social environment. Our results verify the responsibility of the regulation in lending and debt collection to achieve a better social policy.

Suggested Citation

  • Márton Gosztonyi & Dániel Havran, 2022. "Highways to Hell? Paths Towards the Formal Financial Exclusion: Empirical Lessons of the Households from Northern Hungary," The European Journal of Development Research, Palgrave Macmillan;European Association of Development Research and Training Institutes (EADI), vol. 34(3), pages 1573-1606, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:pal:eurjdr:v:34:y:2022:i:3:d:10.1057_s41287-021-00434-9
    DOI: 10.1057/s41287-021-00434-9
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://link.springer.com/10.1057/s41287-021-00434-9
    File Function: Abstract
    Download Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers.
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1057/s41287-021-00434-9?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Will Dobbie & Jae Song, 2015. "Debt Relief and Debtor Outcomes: Measuring the Effects of Consumer Bankruptcy Protection," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 105(3), pages 1272-1311, March.
    2. Gianpaolo Parise & Kim Peijnenburg, 2019. "Noncognitive Abilities and Financial Distress: Evidence from a Representative Household Panel," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 32(10), pages 3884-3919.
    3. Lusardi, Annamaria & Tufano, Peter, 2015. "Debt literacy, financial experiences, and overindebtedness," Journal of Pension Economics and Finance, Cambridge University Press, vol. 14(4), pages 332-368, October.
    4. Giovanni D’Alessio & Stefano Iezzi, 2013. "Household over-indebtedness - Definition and measurement with Italian data," IFC Bulletins chapters, in: Bank for International Settlements (ed.), Proceedings of the Sixth IFC Conference on "Statistical issues and activities in a changing environment", Basel, 28-29 August 2012., volume 36, pages 496-517, Bank for International Settlements.
    5. Abhijit V. Banerjee & Esther Duflo, 2007. "The Economic Lives of the Poor," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 21(1), pages 141-168, Winter.
    6. Scott Fay & Erik Hurst & Michelle J. White, 2002. "The Household Bankruptcy Decision," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 92(3), pages 706-718, June.
    7. Matthias Keese, 2009. "Triggers and Determinants of Severe Household Indebtedness in Germany," SOEPpapers on Multidisciplinary Panel Data Research 239, DIW Berlin, The German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP).
    8. A Leyshon & N Thrift, 1996. "Financial Exclusion and the Shifting Boundaries of the Financial System," Environment and Planning A, , vol. 28(7), pages 1150-1156, July.
    9. Keese, Matthias, 2009. "Triggers and Determinants of Severe Household Indebtedness in Germany," Ruhr Economic Papers 150, RWI - Leibniz-Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung, Ruhr-University Bochum, TU Dortmund University, University of Duisburg-Essen.
    10. Philip Kostov & Thankom Arun & Samuel Annim, 2012. "Determinants of Access to Finance: An Investigation into the Mzansi Intervention," The European Journal of Development Research, Palgrave Macmillan;European Association of Development Research and Training Institutes (EADI), vol. 24(3), pages 397-412, July.
    11. Martha Chen, 2014. "Informal Employment and Development: Patterns of Inclusion and Exclusion," The European Journal of Development Research, Palgrave Macmillan;European Association of Development Research and Training Institutes (EADI), vol. 26(4), pages 397-418, September.
    12. Guiso, Luigi & Sapienza, Paola & Zingales, Luigi, 2003. "People's opium? Religion and economic attitudes," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 50(1), pages 225-282, January.
    13. Adegbite, Olayinka O. & Machethe, Charles L., 2020. "Bridging the financial inclusion gender gap in smallholder agriculture in Nigeria: An untapped potential for sustainable development," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 127(C).
    14. Beck, Thorsten & Brown, Martin, 2011. "Which households use banks? Evidence from the transition economies," Working Paper Series 1295, European Central Bank.
    15. Rinaldi, Laura & Sanchis-Arellano, Alicia, 2006. "Household debt sustainability: what explains household non-performing loans? An empirical analysis," Working Paper Series 570, European Central Bank.
    16. Camelia M. Kuhnen & Brian T. Melzer, 2018. "Noncognitive Abilities and Financial Delinquency: The Role of Self‐Efficacy in Avoiding Financial Distress," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 73(6), pages 2837-2869, December.
    17. Lea, Stephen E. G. & Webley, Paul & Walker, Catherine M., 1995. "Psychological factors in consumer debt: Money management, economic socialization, and credit use," Journal of Economic Psychology, Elsevier, vol. 16(4), pages 681-701, December.
    18. Jain, Sanjay, 1999. "Symbiosis vs. crowding-out: the interaction of formal and informal credit markets in developing countries," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 59(2), pages 419-444, August.
    19. Olha O. Cherednychenko & Jesse M. Meindertsma, 2019. "Irresponsible Lending in the Post-Crisis Era: Is the EU Consumer Credit Directive Fit for Its Purpose?," Journal of Consumer Policy, Springer, vol. 42(4), pages 483-519, December.
    20. Muzaffarjon Ahunov & Leo Van Hove, 2020. "National culture and (dis)trust in banks: Cross‐country evidence," Economic Notes, Banca Monte dei Paschi di Siena SpA, vol. 49(3), September.
    21. Neale Mahoney, 2015. "Bankruptcy as Implicit Health Insurance," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 105(2), pages 710-746, February.
    22. Sondra G. Beverly & Marianne A. Hilgert & Jeanne M. Hogarth, 2003. "Household financial management: the connection between knowledge and behavior," Federal Reserve Bulletin, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.), issue Jul, pages 309-322.
    23. Xu, Xiaoyan, 2020. "Trust and financial inclusion: A cross-country study," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 35(C).
    24. Dai-Won Kim & Jung-Suk Yu & M. Kabir Hassan, 2020. "The Influence Of Religion And Social Inequality On Financial Inclusion," The Singapore Economic Review (SER), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 65(01), pages 193-216, March.
    25. Alfredo Martin-Oliver, 2019. "Financial exclusion and branch closures in Spain after the Great Recession," Regional Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 53(4), pages 562-573, April.
    26. Marco Jacopo Lombardi & Madhusudan Mohanty & Ilhyock Shim, 2017. "The real effects of household debt in the short and long run," BIS Working Papers 607, Bank for International Settlements.
    27. Garðarsdóttir, Ragna B. & Dittmar, Helga, 2012. "The relationship of materialism to debt and financial well-being: The case of Iceland’s perceived prosperity," Journal of Economic Psychology, Elsevier, vol. 33(3), pages 471-481.
    28. repec:zbw:rwirep:0150 is not listed on IDEAS
    29. Santos Miguel Ruesga-Benito & Fernando González-Laxe & Xose Picatoste, 2018. "Sustainable Development, Poverty, and Risk of Exclusion for Young People in the European Union: The Case of NEETs," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(12), pages 1-15, December.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Brei, Michael & Mohan, Preeya & Perez Barahona, Agustin & Strobl, Eric, 2024. "Transmission of natural disasters to the banking sector: Evidence from thirty years of tropical storms in the Caribbean," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 141(C).
    2. Kosztopulosz, Andreász & Málovics, György & Méreiné Berki, Boglárka, 2024. "Pénzügyi képességek és a mélyszegény, szegregált roma családok pénzügyi helyzete [Financial capabilities and the financial situation of Roma families living in extreme poverty and spatial segregati," Közgazdasági Szemle (Economic Review - monthly of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences), Közgazdasági Szemle Alapítvány (Economic Review Foundation), vol. 0(7), pages 850-874.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Dancho Petrov & Evgeniya Tonkova & Svetlana Todorova, 2020. "Structural and Value Dimensions of Household Indebtedness in Bulgaria," Izvestia Journal of the Union of Scientists - Varna. Economic Sciences Series, Union of Scientists - Varna, Economic Sciences Section, vol. 9(1), pages 17-25, April.
    2. Giovanni D'Alessio & Stefano Iezzi, 2016. "Over-indebtedness in Italy: how widespread and persistent is it?," Questioni di Economia e Finanza (Occasional Papers) 319, Bank of Italy, Economic Research and International Relations Area.
    3. Piotr Banbula & Arkadiusz Kotula & Joanna Gabriela Przeworska & Pawel Strzelecki, 2016. "Which households are really financially distressed: how micro data could inform the macroprudential policy," IFC Bulletins chapters, in: Bank for International Settlements (ed.), Combining micro and macro data for financial stability analysis, volume 41, Bank for International Settlements.
    4. Dilla, Diana, 2017. "Staatsverschuldung und Verschuldungsmentalität [Public Debt and Debt Mentality]," MPRA Paper 79432, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    5. French, Declan & McKillop, Donal, 2016. "Financial literacy and over-indebtedness in low-income households," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 48(C), pages 1-11.
    6. Cesar Leandro, Julio & Botelho, Delane, 2022. "Consumer over-indebtedness: A review and future research agenda," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 145(C), pages 535-551.
    7. Grzegorz Wałęga & Agnieszka Wałęga, 2021. "Over-indebted Households in Poland: Classification Tree Analysis," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 153(2), pages 561-584, January.
    8. Laily Dwi Arsyianti & Salina Kassim & Adewale Abideen Adeyemi, 2018. "Debt Taking And Charity-Giving Among Low-Income Households: Strengthening Resilience In Islamic Perspective," Journal of Islamic Monetary Economics and Finance, Bank Indonesia, vol. 4(1), pages 1-22, August.
    9. Pattison, Nathaniel, 2020. "Consumption smoothing and debtor protections," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 192(C).
    10. Katharina Allinger & Elisabeth Beckmann, 2021. "Prevalence and determinants of nonbank borrowing in CESEE: evidence from the OeNB Euro Survey," Focus on European Economic Integration, Oesterreichische Nationalbank (Austrian Central Bank), issue Q1/21, pages 7-35.
    11. Kleiner, Kristoph & Stoffman, Noah & Yonker, Scott E., 2021. "Friends with bankruptcy protection benefits," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 139(2), pages 578-605.
    12. Gan, Li & Hernandez, Manuel A. & Zhang, Shuoxun, 2021. "Insurance or deliberate use of the bankruptcy law for financial gain? Testing for heterogeneous filing behaviors in the United States," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 105(C).
    13. Thi Anh Nhu Nguyen, 2022. "Does Financial Knowledge Matter in Using Fintech Services? Evidence from an Emerging Economy," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-13, April.
    14. Giovanni D’Alessio & Stefano Iezzi, 2013. "Household over-indebtedness - Definition and measurement with Italian data," IFC Bulletins chapters, in: Bank for International Settlements (ed.), Proceedings of the Sixth IFC Conference on "Statistical issues and activities in a changing environment", Basel, 28-29 August 2012., volume 36, pages 496-517, Bank for International Settlements.
    15. Brian Jonghwan Lee, 2024. "Bankruptcy Lawyers and Credit Recovery," Working Papers 24-10, Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia.
    16. Eduardo Dávila, 2020. "Using Elasticities to Derive Optimal Bankruptcy Exemptions," The Review of Economic Studies, Review of Economic Studies Ltd, vol. 87(2), pages 870-913.
    17. Walter Cuba, 2020. "Does Leverage Predict Delinquency in Consumer Lending? Evidence from Peru," IHEID Working Papers 05-2020, Economics Section, The Graduate Institute of International Studies.
    18. Andrzej Cwynar & Wiktor Cwynar & Monika Baryła-Matejczuk & Moises Betancort, 2019. "Sustainable Debt Behaviour and Well-Being of Young Adults: The Role of Parental Financial Socialisation Process," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(24), pages 1-26, December.
    19. Remya Tressa Jacob & Rudra Sensarma & Gopakumaran Nair, 2022. "Is rural household debt sustainable in a financially included region? Evidence from three districts of Kerala, India," Oxford Development Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 50(4), pages 389-405, October.
    20. Rodrigo Cifuentes & Felipe Martínez, 2020. "Over-indebtedness in Households: Measurement and Determinants," Working Papers Central Bank of Chile 869, Central Bank of Chile.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:pal:eurjdr:v:34:y:2022:i:3:d:10.1057_s41287-021-00434-9. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Sonal Shukla or Springer Nature Abstracting and Indexing (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.palgrave-journals.com/ .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.