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Dengue virus IgG and neutralizing antibody titers measured with standard and mature viruses are protective

Author

Listed:
  • Camila D. Odio

    (National Institutes of Health)

  • Jedas Veronica Daag

    (University of the Philippines Manila)

  • Maria Vinna Crisostomo

    (University of the Philippines Manila)

  • Charlie J. Voirin

    (National Institutes of Health)

  • Ana Coello Escoto

    (National Institutes of Health)

  • Cameron Adams

    (University of North Carolina School of Medicine)

  • Lindsay Dahora Hein

    (University of North Carolina School of Medicine)

  • Rosemary A. Aogo

    (National Institutes of Health)

  • Patrick I. Mpingabo

    (National Institutes of Health)

  • Guillermo Raimundi Rodriguez

    (National Institutes of Health)

  • Saba Firdous

    (National Institutes of Health)

  • Maria Abad Fernandez

    (University of North Carolina School of Medicine)

  • Laura J. White

    (University of North Carolina School of Medicine)

  • Kristal An Agrupis

    (University of the Philippines Manila)

  • Jacqueline Deen

    (University of the Philippines Manila)

  • Aravinda M. Silva

    (University of North Carolina School of Medicine)

  • Michelle Ylade

    (University of the Philippines Manila)

  • Leah C. Katzelnick

    (National Institutes of Health)

Abstract

The standard dengue virus (DENV) neutralization assay inconsistently predicts dengue protection. We compare how IgG ELISA, envelope domain III (EDIII), or non-structural protein 1 (NS1) binding antibodies, and titers from plaque reduction neutralization tests (PRNTs) using standard and mature viruses are associated with dengue. The ELISA measures IgG antibodies that bind to inactivated DENV1-4. The EDIII and NS1 assays measure binding antibodies, and the PRNTs measure neutralizing antibodies to each specific DENV serotype. Healthy children (n = 1206) in Cebu, Philippines were followed for 5 years. ELISA IgG≥3 was associated with reduced dengue probability relative to naïve children (3% vs. 10%, p = 0.007). Serotype-specific antibodies binding EDIII or NS1 had no association with dengue risk. Standard virus PRNT geometric mean titers (GMT) > 200 and mature GMT > 100 were associated with reduced dengue disease overall (p 100, only 2% of cases had mature virus PRNT titers>100 (p

Suggested Citation

  • Camila D. Odio & Jedas Veronica Daag & Maria Vinna Crisostomo & Charlie J. Voirin & Ana Coello Escoto & Cameron Adams & Lindsay Dahora Hein & Rosemary A. Aogo & Patrick I. Mpingabo & Guillermo Raimund, 2025. "Dengue virus IgG and neutralizing antibody titers measured with standard and mature viruses are protective," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 16(1), pages 1-12, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:16:y:2025:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-024-53916-9
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-53916-9
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