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Phalloidin and DNase I-bound F-actin pointed end structures reveal principles of filament stabilization and disassembly

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  • Micaela Boiero Sanders

    (Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology)

  • Wout Oosterheert

    (Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology)

  • Oliver Hofnagel

    (Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology)

  • Peter Bieling

    (Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology)

  • Stefan Raunser

    (Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology)

Abstract

Actin filament turnover involves subunits binding to and dissociating from the filament ends, with the pointed end being the primary site of filament disassembly. Several molecules modulate filament turnover, but the underlying mechanisms remain incompletely understood. Here, we present three cryo-EM structures of the F-actin pointed end in the presence and absence of phalloidin or DNase I. The two terminal subunits at the undecorated pointed end adopt a twisted conformation. Phalloidin can still bind and bridge these subunits, inducing a conformational shift to a flattened, F-actin-like state. This explains how phalloidin prevents depolymerization at the pointed end. Interestingly, two DNase I molecules simultaneously bind to the phalloidin-stabilized pointed end. In the absence of phalloidin, DNase I binding would disrupt the terminal actin subunit packing, resulting in filament disassembly. Our findings uncover molecular principles of pointed end regulation and provide structural insights into the kinetic asymmetry between the actin filament ends.

Suggested Citation

  • Micaela Boiero Sanders & Wout Oosterheert & Oliver Hofnagel & Peter Bieling & Stefan Raunser, 2024. "Phalloidin and DNase I-bound F-actin pointed end structures reveal principles of filament stabilization and disassembly," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-12, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:15:y:2024:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-024-52251-3
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-52251-3
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    1. Toshiro Oda & Mitsusada Iwasa & Tomoki Aihara & Yuichiro Maéda & Akihiro Narita, 2009. "The nature of the globular- to fibrous-actin transition," Nature, Nature, vol. 457(7228), pages 441-445, January.
    2. Tommi Kotila & Hugo Wioland & Giray Enkavi & Konstantin Kogan & Ilpo Vattulainen & Antoine Jégou & Guillaume Romet-Lemonne & Pekka Lappalainen, 2019. "Mechanism of synergistic actin filament pointed end depolymerization by cyclase-associated protein and cofilin," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 10(1), pages 1-14, December.
    3. Tommi Kotila & Konstantin Kogan & Giray Enkavi & Siyang Guo & Ilpo Vattulainen & Bruce L. Goode & Pekka Lappalainen, 2018. "Structural basis of actin monomer re-charging by cyclase-associated protein," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 9(1), pages 1-12, December.
    4. Shashank Shekhar & Johnson Chung & Jane Kondev & Jeff Gelles & Bruce L. Goode, 2019. "Synergy between Cyclase-associated protein and Cofilin accelerates actin filament depolymerization by two orders of magnitude," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 10(1), pages 1-11, December.
    5. Johanna Funk & Felipe Merino & Matthias Schaks & Klemens Rottner & Stefan Raunser & Peter Bieling, 2021. "A barbed end interference mechanism reveals how capping protein promotes nucleation in branched actin networks," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 12(1), pages 1-17, December.
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