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High-sensitivity dual-comb and cross-comb spectroscopy across the infrared using a widely tunable and free-running optical parametric oscillator

Author

Listed:
  • Carolin P. Bauer

    (ETH Zurich)

  • Zofia A. Bejm

    (ETH Zurich)

  • Michelle K. Bollier

    (ETH Zurich)

  • Justinas Pupeikis

    (ETH Zurich)

  • Benjamin Willenberg

    (ETH Zurich)

  • Ursula Keller

    (ETH Zurich)

  • Christopher R. Phillips

    (ETH Zurich)

Abstract

Dual-comb spectroscopy (DCS) enables high-resolution measurements at high speeds without the trade-off between resolution and update rate inherent to mechanical delay scanning. However, high complexity and limited sensitivity remain significant challenges for DCS systems. We address these via a wavelength-tunable dual-comb optical parametric oscillator (OPO) combined with an up-conversion detection method. The OPO is tunable from 1300-1670 nm (signal) and 2700-5000 nm (idler). Spatial multiplexing in both the laser and OPO cavities creates a near-common path arrangement, enabling comb-line-resolved measurements in free-running operation. The narrow instantaneous bandwidth results in high power per comb-line up to 160 μW in the mid-infrared. Through intra-cavity up-conversion based on cross-comb spectroscopy, we leverage these power levels while overcoming the sensitivity limitations of direct mid-infrared detection. This approach yields a high signal-to-noise ratio (50.2 dB Hz1/2) and high dual-comb figure of merit (3.5 × 108 Hz1/2). This scheme enabled detecting ambient methane over a 3-meter path length in millisecond time scale.

Suggested Citation

  • Carolin P. Bauer & Zofia A. Bejm & Michelle K. Bollier & Justinas Pupeikis & Benjamin Willenberg & Ursula Keller & Christopher R. Phillips, 2024. "High-sensitivity dual-comb and cross-comb spectroscopy across the infrared using a widely tunable and free-running optical parametric oscillator," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-13, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:15:y:2024:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-024-51392-9
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-51392-9
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Mengjie Yu & Yoshitomo Okawachi & Austin G. Griffith & Nathalie Picqué & Michal Lipson & Alexander L. Gaeta, 2018. "Silicon-chip-based mid-infrared dual-comb spectroscopy," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 9(1), pages 1-6, December.
    2. Gustavo Villares & Andreas Hugi & Stéphane Blaser & Jérôme Faist, 2014. "Dual-comb spectroscopy based on quantum-cascade-laser frequency combs," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 5(1), pages 1-9, December.
    3. Mingchen Liu & Robert M. Gray & Luis Costa & Charles R. Markus & Arkadev Roy & Alireza Marandi, 2023. "Mid-infrared cross-comb spectroscopy," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-8, December.
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