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Heterozygous missense variant in GLI2 impairs human endocrine pancreas development

Author

Listed:
  • Laura M. Mueller

    (Great Maze Pond)

  • Abigail Isaacson

    (Great Maze Pond)

  • Heather Wilson

    (Great Maze Pond)

  • Anna Salowka

    (Great Maze Pond)

  • Isabel Tay

    (Great Maze Pond)

  • Maolian Gong

    (Charité
    Max‐Delbrueck‐Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC))

  • Nancy Samir Elbarbary

    (Ain Shams University)

  • Klemens Raile

    (Charité
    Max‐Delbrueck‐Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC))

  • Francesca M. Spagnoli

    (Great Maze Pond)

Abstract

Missense variants are the most common type of coding genetic variants. Their functional assessment is fundamental for defining any implication in human diseases and may also uncover genes that are essential for human organ development. Here, we apply CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing on human iPSCs to study a heterozygous missense variant in GLI2 identified in two siblings with early-onset and insulin-dependent diabetes of unknown cause. GLI2 is a primary mediator of the Hedgehog pathway, which regulates pancreatic β-cell development in mice. However, neither mutations in GLI2 nor Hedgehog dysregulation have been reported as cause or predisposition to diabetes. We establish and study a set of isogenic iPSC lines harbouring the missense variant for their ability to differentiate into pancreatic β-like cells. Interestingly, iPSCs carrying the missense variant show altered GLI2 transcriptional activity and impaired differentiation of pancreatic progenitors into endocrine cells. RNASeq and network analyses unveil a crosstalk between Hedgehog and WNT pathways, with the dysregulation of non-canonical WNT signaling in pancreatic progenitors carrying the GLI2 missense variant. Collectively, our findings underscore an essential role for GLI2 in human endocrine development and identify a gene variant that may lead to diabetes.

Suggested Citation

  • Laura M. Mueller & Abigail Isaacson & Heather Wilson & Anna Salowka & Isabel Tay & Maolian Gong & Nancy Samir Elbarbary & Klemens Raile & Francesca M. Spagnoli, 2024. "Heterozygous missense variant in GLI2 impairs human endocrine pancreas development," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-13, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:15:y:2024:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-024-46740-8
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46740-8
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Konrad J. Karczewski & Laurent C. Francioli & Grace Tiao & Beryl B. Cummings & Jessica Alföldi & Qingbo Wang & Ryan L. Collins & Kristen M. Laricchia & Andrea Ganna & Daniel P. Birnbaum & Laura D. Gau, 2020. "The mutational constraint spectrum quantified from variation in 141,456 humans," Nature, Nature, vol. 581(7809), pages 434-443, May.
    2. Keiichi Katsumoto & Siham Yennek & Chunguang Chen & Luis Fernando Delgadillo Silva & Sofia Traikov & Dror Sever & Ajuna Azad & Jingdong Shan & Seppo Vainio & Nikolay Ninov & Stephan Speier & Anne Grap, 2022. "Wnt4 is heterogeneously activated in maturing β-cells to control calcium signaling, metabolism and function," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-15, December.
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