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Beyond nothingness in the formation and functional relevance of voids in polymer films

Author

Listed:
  • Falon C. Kalutantirige

    (University of Illinois)

  • Jinlong He

    (University of Wisconsin-Madison)

  • Lehan Yao

    (University of Illinois)

  • Stephen Cotty

    (University of Illinois)

  • Shan Zhou

    (University of Illinois)

  • John W. Smith

    (University of Illinois)

  • Emad Tajkhorshid

    (University of Illinois
    University of Illinois)

  • Charles M. Schroeder

    (University of Illinois
    University of Illinois
    University of Illinois
    University of Illinois)

  • Jeffrey S. Moore

    (University of Illinois
    University of Illinois
    University of Illinois)

  • Hyosung An

    (Chonnam National University)

  • Xiao Su

    (University of Illinois)

  • Ying Li

    (University of Wisconsin-Madison)

  • Qian Chen

    (University of Illinois
    University of Illinois
    University of Illinois
    University of Illinois)

Abstract

Voids—the nothingness—broadly exist within nanomaterials and impact properties ranging from catalysis to mechanical response. However, understanding nanovoids is challenging due to lack of imaging methods with the needed penetration depth and spatial resolution. Here, we integrate electron tomography, morphometry, graph theory and coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulation to study the formation of interconnected nanovoids in polymer films and their impacts on permeance and nanomechanical behaviour. Using polyamide membranes for molecular separation as a representative system, three-dimensional electron tomography at nanometre resolution reveals nanovoid formation from coalescence of oligomers, supported by coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations. Void analysis provides otherwise inaccessible inputs for accurate fittings of methanol permeance for polyamide membranes. Three-dimensional structural graphs accounting for the tortuous nanovoids within, measure higher apparent moduli with polyamide membranes of higher graph rigidity. Our study elucidates the significance of nanovoids beyond the nothingness, impacting the synthesis‒morphology‒function relationships of complex nanomaterials.

Suggested Citation

  • Falon C. Kalutantirige & Jinlong He & Lehan Yao & Stephen Cotty & Shan Zhou & John W. Smith & Emad Tajkhorshid & Charles M. Schroeder & Jeffrey S. Moore & Hyosung An & Xiao Su & Ying Li & Qian Chen, 2024. "Beyond nothingness in the formation and functional relevance of voids in polymer films," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-16, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:15:y:2024:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-024-46584-2
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46584-2
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Paul J. Hurst & Alexander M. Rakowski & Joseph P. Patterson, 2020. "Ring-opening polymerization-induced crystallization-driven self-assembly of poly-L-lactide-block-polyethylene glycol block copolymers (ROPI-CDSA)," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 11(1), pages 1-12, December.
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    3. Ying Jiang & Shaobo Ji & Jing Sun & Jianping Huang & Yuanheng Li & Guijin Zou & Teddy Salim & Changxian Wang & Wenlong Li & Haoran Jin & Jie Xu & Sihong Wang & Ting Lei & Xuzhou Yan & Wendy Yen Xian P, 2023. "A universal interface for plug-and-play assembly of stretchable devices," Nature, Nature, vol. 614(7948), pages 456-462, February.
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