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The interplay between dietary fatty acids and gut microbiota influences host metabolism and hepatic steatosis

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  • Marc Schoeler

    (University of Gothenburg)

  • Sandrine Ellero-Simatos

    (Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP- PURPAN, UMR 1331, UPS, Université de Toulouse)

  • Till Birkner

    (Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association
    Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health)

  • Jordi Mayneris-Perxachs

    (Dr. Josep Trueta University Hospital
    Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IdibGi)
    CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III)

  • Lisa Olsson

    (University of Gothenburg)

  • Harald Brolin

    (University of Gothenburg)

  • Ulrike Loeber

    (Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association
    Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health
    A Cooperation of Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine
    DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site)

  • Jamie D. Kraft

    (University of Gothenburg)

  • Arnaud Polizzi

    (Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP- PURPAN, UMR 1331, UPS, Université de Toulouse)

  • Marian Martí-Navas

    (Doctor Josep Trueta University Hospital of Girona)

  • Josep Puig

    (Doctor Josep Trueta University Hospital of Girona)

  • Antonio Moschetta

    (University of Bari “Aldo Moro”
    Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico di Bari
    Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico di Bari)

  • Alexandra Montagner

    (Université Paul Sabatier, Université de Toulouse)

  • Pierre Gourdy

    (Université Paul Sabatier, Université de Toulouse
    Toulouse University Hospital)

  • Christophe Heymes

    (Université Paul Sabatier, Université de Toulouse)

  • Hervé Guillou

    (Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP- PURPAN, UMR 1331, UPS, Université de Toulouse)

  • Valentina Tremaroli

    (University of Gothenburg)

  • José Manuel Fernández-Real

    (Dr. Josep Trueta University Hospital
    Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IdibGi)
    CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III
    Girona University)

  • Sofia K. Forslund

    (Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association
    Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health
    A Cooperation of Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine
    DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site)

  • Remy Burcelin

    (Université Paul Sabatier, Université de Toulouse)

  • Robert Caesar

    (University of Gothenburg)

Abstract

Dietary lipids can affect metabolic health through gut microbiota-mediated mechanisms, but the influence of lipid-microbiota interaction on liver steatosis is largely unknown. We investigate the impact of dietary lipids on human gut microbiota composition and the effects of microbiota-lipid interactions on steatosis in male mice. In humans, low intake of saturated fatty acids (SFA) is associated with increased microbial diversity independent of fiber intake. In mice, poorly absorbed dietary long-chain SFA, particularly stearic acid, induce a shift in bile acid profile and improved metabolism and steatosis. These benefits are dependent on the gut microbiota, as they are transmitted by microbial transfer. Diets enriched in polyunsaturated fatty acids are protective against steatosis but have minor influence on the microbiota. In summary, we find that diets enriched in poorly absorbed long-chain SFA modulate gut microbiota profiles independent of fiber intake, and this interaction is relevant to improve metabolism and decrease liver steatosis.

Suggested Citation

  • Marc Schoeler & Sandrine Ellero-Simatos & Till Birkner & Jordi Mayneris-Perxachs & Lisa Olsson & Harald Brolin & Ulrike Loeber & Jamie D. Kraft & Arnaud Polizzi & Marian Martí-Navas & Josep Puig & Ant, 2023. "The interplay between dietary fatty acids and gut microbiota influences host metabolism and hepatic steatosis," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-16, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:14:y:2023:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-023-41074-3
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41074-3
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