IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/nat/natcom/v14y2023i1d10.1038_s41467-023-40195-z.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Effects of COVID-19 vaccination and previous infection on Omicron SARS-CoV-2 infection and relation with serology

Author

Listed:
  • Brechje Gier

    (National Institute for Public Health and the Environment)

  • Anne J. Huiberts

    (National Institute for Public Health and the Environment)

  • Christina E. Hoeve

    (National Institute for Public Health and the Environment)

  • Gerco Hartog

    (National Institute for Public Health and the Environment
    Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboudumc
    Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboudumc)

  • Henri Werkhoven

    (National Institute for Public Health and the Environment
    University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University)

  • Rob Binnendijk

    (National Institute for Public Health and the Environment)

  • Susan J. M. Hahné

    (National Institute for Public Health and the Environment)

  • Hester E. Melker

    (National Institute for Public Health and the Environment)

  • Susan Hof

    (National Institute for Public Health and the Environment)

  • Mirjam J. Knol

    (National Institute for Public Health and the Environment)

Abstract

An increasing proportion of the population has acquired immunity through COVID-19 vaccination and previous SARS-CoV-2 infection, i.e., hybrid immunity, possibly affecting the risk of new infection. We aim to estimate the protective effect of previous infections and vaccinations on SARS-CoV-2 Omicron infection, using data from 43,257 adult participants in a prospective community-based cohort study in the Netherlands, collected between 10 January 2022 and 1 September 2022. Our results show that, for participants with 2, 3 or 4 prior immunizing events (vaccination or previous infection), hybrid immunity is more protective against infection with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron than vaccine-induced immunity, up to at least 30 weeks after the last immunizing event. Differences in risk of infection are partly explained by differences in anti-Spike RBD (S) antibody concentration, which is associated with risk of infection in a dose-response manner. Among participants with hybrid immunity, with one previous pre-Omicron infection, we do not observe a relevant difference in risk of Omicron infection by sequence of vaccination(s) and infection. Additional immunizing events increase the protection against infection, but not above the level of the first weeks after the previous event.

Suggested Citation

  • Brechje Gier & Anne J. Huiberts & Christina E. Hoeve & Gerco Hartog & Henri Werkhoven & Rob Binnendijk & Susan J. M. Hahné & Hester E. Melker & Susan Hof & Mirjam J. Knol, 2023. "Effects of COVID-19 vaccination and previous infection on Omicron SARS-CoV-2 infection and relation with serology," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-7, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:14:y:2023:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-023-40195-z
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40195-z
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-023-40195-z
    File Function: Abstract
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1038/s41467-023-40195-z?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Teresa Aydillo & Alexander Rombauts & Daniel Stadlbauer & Sadaf Aslam & Gabriela Abelenda-Alonso & Alba Escalera & Fatima Amanat & Kaijun Jiang & Florian Krammer & Jordi Carratala & Adolfo García-Sast, 2021. "Immunological imprinting of the antibody response in COVID-19 patients," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 12(1), pages 1-13, December.
    2. Stijn P. Andeweg & Brechje Gier & Dirk Eggink & Caroline Ende & Noortje Maarseveen & Lubna Ali & Boris Vlaemynck & Raf Schepers & Susan J. M. Hahné & Chantal B. E. M. Reusken & Hester E. Melker & Susa, 2022. "Protection of COVID-19 vaccination and previous infection against Omicron BA.1, BA.2 and Delta SARS-CoV-2 infections," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-9, December.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Kaori Sano & Disha Bhavsar & Gagandeep Singh & Daniel Floda & Komal Srivastava & Charles Gleason & Juan Manuel Carreño & Viviana Simon & Florian Krammer, 2022. "SARS-CoV-2 vaccination induces mucosal antibody responses in previously infected individuals," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-8, December.
    2. Stephen M. Kissler & James A. Hay & Joseph R. Fauver & Christina Mack & Caroline G. Tai & Deverick J. Anderson & David D. Ho & Nathan D. Grubaugh & Yonatan H. Grad, 2023. "Viral kinetics of sequential SARS-CoV-2 infections," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-7, December.
    3. Joseph A. Lewnard & Vennis Hong & Jeniffer S. Kim & Sally F. Shaw & Bruno Lewin & Harpreet Takhar & Marc Lipsitch & Sara Y. Tartof, 2023. "Increased vaccine sensitivity of an emerging SARS-CoV-2 variant," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-10, December.
    4. Hailey J. Park & Gregg S. Gonsalves & Sophia T. Tan & J. Daniel Kelly & George W. Rutherford & Robert M. Wachter & Robert Schechter & A. David Paltiel & Nathan C. Lo, 2024. "Comparing frequency of booster vaccination to prevent severe COVID-19 by risk group in the United States," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-10, December.
    5. Jakob Ankerhold & Sebastian Giese & Philipp Kolb & Andrea Maul-Pavicic & Reinhard E. Voll & Nathalie Göppert & Kevin Ciminski & Clemens Kreutz & Achim Lother & Ulrich Salzer & Wolfgang Bildl & Tim Wel, 2022. "Circulating multimeric immune complexes contribute to immunopathology in COVID-19," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-15, December.
    6. Jia Wei & Nicole Stoesser & Philippa C. Matthews & Tarnjit Khera & Owen Gethings & Ian Diamond & Ruth Studley & Nick Taylor & Tim E. A. Peto & A. Sarah Walker & Koen B. Pouwels & David W. Eyre, 2024. "Risk of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection during multiple Omicron variant waves in the UK general population," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-14, December.
    7. Jernej Pušnik & Jasmin Zorn & Werner O. Monzon-Posadas & Kathrin Peters & Emmanuil Osypchuk & Sabine Blaschke & Hendrik Streeck, 2024. "Vaccination impairs de novo immune response to omicron breakthrough infection, a precondition for the original antigenic sin," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-13, December.
    8. Alexander C. Dowell & Tara Lancaster & Rachel Bruton & Georgina Ireland & Christopher Bentley & Panagiota Sylla & Jianmin Zuo & Sam Scott & Azar Jadir & Jusnara Begum & Thomas Roberts & Christine Step, 2023. "Immunological imprinting of humoral immunity to SARS-CoV-2 in children," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-9, December.
    9. Magen E. Francis & Ethan B. Jansen & Anthony Yourkowski & Alaa Selim & Cynthia L. Swan & Brian K. MacPhee & Brittany Thivierge & Rachelle Buchanan & Kerry J. Lavender & Joseph Darbellay & Matthew B. R, 2023. "Previous infection with seasonal coronaviruses does not protect male Syrian hamsters from challenge with SARS-CoV-2," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-21, December.
    10. Irene A. Abela & Chloé Pasin & Magdalena Schwarzmüller & Selina Epp & Michèle E. Sickmann & Merle M. Schanz & Peter Rusert & Jacqueline Weber & Stefan Schmutz & Annette Audigé & Liridona Maliqi & Anni, 2021. "Multifactorial seroprofiling dissects the contribution of pre-existing human coronaviruses responses to SARS-CoV-2 immunity," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 12(1), pages 1-18, December.
    11. Atienza-Diez, Iker & Seoane, Luís F., 2023. "Long- and short-term effects of cross-immunity in epidemic dynamics," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 174(C).

    More about this item

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:14:y:2023:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-023-40195-z. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Sonal Shukla or Springer Nature Abstracting and Indexing (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.nature.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.