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Booster with Ad26.COV2.S or Omicron-adapted vaccine enhanced immunity and efficacy against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron in macaques

Author

Listed:
  • Laura Solforosi

    (Janssen Vaccines and Prevention B.V.)

  • Lea M. M. Costes

    (Janssen Vaccines and Prevention B.V.)

  • Jeroen T. B. M. Tolboom

    (Janssen Vaccines and Prevention B.V.)

  • Katherine McMahan

    (Harvard Medical School)

  • Tochi Anioke

    (Harvard Medical School)

  • David Hope

    (Harvard Medical School)

  • Tetyana Murdza

    (Harvard Medical School)

  • Michaela Sciacca

    (Harvard Medical School)

  • Emily Bouffard

    (Harvard Medical School)

  • Julia Barrett

    (Harvard Medical School)

  • Cindy Wu

    (Harvard Medical School)

  • Nicole Hachmann

    (Harvard Medical School)

  • Jessica Miller

    (Harvard Medical School)

  • Jingyou Yu

    (Harvard Medical School)

  • Xuan He

    (Harvard Medical School)

  • Catherine Jacob-Dolan

    (Harvard Medical School)

  • Sietske K. Rosendahl Huber

    (Janssen Vaccines and Prevention B.V.)

  • Liesbeth Dekking

    (Janssen Vaccines and Prevention B.V.)

  • Ronnie Chamanza

    (Janssen Research and Development)

  • Ying Choi

    (Janssen Vaccines and Prevention B.V.)

  • Karin Feddes-de Boer

    (Janssen Vaccines and Prevention B.V.)

  • Dan H. Barouch

    (Harvard Medical School
    Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard
    Harvard Medical School
    Massachusetts Consortium on Pathogen Readiness)

  • Hanneke Schuitemaker

    (Janssen Vaccines and Prevention B.V.)

  • Roland C. Zahn

    (Janssen Vaccines and Prevention B.V.)

  • Frank Wegmann

    (Janssen Vaccines and Prevention B.V.)

Abstract

Omicron spike (S) encoding vaccines as boosters, are a potential strategy to improve COVID-19 vaccine efficacy against Omicron. Here, macaques (mostly females) previously immunized with Ad26.COV2.S, are boosted with Ad26.COV2.S, Ad26.COV2.S.529 (encoding Omicron BA.1 S) or a 1:1 combination of both vaccines. All booster vaccinations elicit a rapid antibody titers increase against WA1/2020 and Omicron S. Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 antibody responses are most effectively boosted by vaccines including Ad26.COV2.S.529. Independent of vaccine used, mostly WA1/2020-reactive or WA1/2020-Omicron BA.1 cross-reactive B cells are detected. Ad26.COV2.S.529 containing boosters provide only slightly higher protection of the lower respiratory tract against Omicron BA.1 challenge compared with Ad26.COV2.S-only booster. Antibodies and cellular immune responses are identified as complementary correlates of protection. Overall, a booster with an Omicron-spike based vaccine provide only moderately improved immune responses and protection compared with the original Wuhan-Hu-1-spike based vaccine, which still provide robust immune responses and protection against Omicron.

Suggested Citation

  • Laura Solforosi & Lea M. M. Costes & Jeroen T. B. M. Tolboom & Katherine McMahan & Tochi Anioke & David Hope & Tetyana Murdza & Michaela Sciacca & Emily Bouffard & Julia Barrett & Cindy Wu & Nicole Ha, 2023. "Booster with Ad26.COV2.S or Omicron-adapted vaccine enhanced immunity and efficacy against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron in macaques," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-14, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:14:y:2023:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-023-37715-2
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37715-2
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