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Receptor-informed network control theory links LSD and psilocybin to a flattening of the brain’s control energy landscape

Author

Listed:
  • S. Parker Singleton

    (Cornell University)

  • Andrea I. Luppi

    (University of Cambridge
    University of Cambridge)

  • Robin L. Carhart-Harris

    (Imperial College London
    University of California San Francisco)

  • Josephine Cruzat

    (Universidad Adolfo Ibanez
    Universitat Pompeu Fabra)

  • Leor Roseman

    (Imperial College London)

  • David J. Nutt

    (Imperial College London)

  • Gustavo Deco

    (Universitat Pompeu Fabra
    Institució Catalana de la Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA)
    Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences
    Monash University, Melbourne)

  • Morten L. Kringelbach

    (University of Oxford
    Aarhus University
    University of Oxford)

  • Emmanuel A. Stamatakis

    (University of Cambridge)

  • Amy Kuceyeski

    (Cornell University
    Weill Cornell Medicine)

Abstract

Psychedelics including lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and psilocybin temporarily alter subjective experience through their neurochemical effects. Serotonin 2a (5-HT2a) receptor agonism by these compounds is associated with more diverse (entropic) brain activity. We postulate that this increase in entropy may arise in part from a flattening of the brain’s control energy landscape, which can be observed using network control theory to quantify the energy required to transition between recurrent brain states. Using brain states derived from existing functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) datasets, we show that LSD and psilocybin reduce control energy required for brain state transitions compared to placebo. Furthermore, across individuals, reduction in control energy correlates with more frequent state transitions and increased entropy of brain state dynamics. Through network control analysis that incorporates the spatial distribution of 5-HT2a receptors (obtained from publicly available positron emission tomography (PET) data under non-drug conditions), we demonstrate an association between the 5-HT2a receptor and reduced control energy. Our findings provide evidence that 5-HT2a receptor agonist compounds allow for more facile state transitions and more temporally diverse brain activity. More broadly, we demonstrate that receptor-informed network control theory can model the impact of neuropharmacological manipulation on brain activity dynamics.

Suggested Citation

  • S. Parker Singleton & Andrea I. Luppi & Robin L. Carhart-Harris & Josephine Cruzat & Leor Roseman & David J. Nutt & Gustavo Deco & Morten L. Kringelbach & Emmanuel A. Stamatakis & Amy Kuceyeski, 2022. "Receptor-informed network control theory links LSD and psilocybin to a flattening of the brain’s control energy landscape," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-13, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:13:y:2022:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-022-33578-1
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33578-1
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