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Adaptation to novel spatially-structured environments is driven by the capsule and alters virulence-associated traits

Author

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  • Amandine Nucci

    (Université de Paris, CNRS, UMR3525, Microbial Evolutionary Genomics)

  • Eduardo P. C. Rocha

    (Université de Paris, CNRS, UMR3525, Microbial Evolutionary Genomics)

  • Olaya Rendueles

    (Université de Paris, CNRS, UMR3525, Microbial Evolutionary Genomics)

Abstract

The extracellular capsule is a major virulence factor, but its ubiquity in free-living bacteria with large environmental breadths suggests that it shapes adaptation to novel niches. Yet, how it does so, remains unexplored. Here, we evolve three Klebsiella strains and their capsule mutants in parallel. Their comparison reveals different phenotypic and genotypic evolutionary changes that alter virulence-associated traits. Non-capsulated populations accumulate mutations that reduce exopolysaccharide production and increase biofilm formation and yield, whereas most capsulated populations become hypermucoviscous, a signature of hypervirulence. Hence, adaptation to novel environments primarily occurs by fine-tuning expression of the capsular locus. The same evolutionary conditions selecting for mutations in the capsular gene wzc leading to hypermucoviscosity also result in increased susceptibility to antibiotics by mutations in the ramA regulon. This implies that general adaptive processes outside the host can affect capsule evolution and its role in virulence and infection outcomes may be a by-product of such adaptation.

Suggested Citation

  • Amandine Nucci & Eduardo P. C. Rocha & Olaya Rendueles, 2022. "Adaptation to novel spatially-structured environments is driven by the capsule and alters virulence-associated traits," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-15, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:13:y:2022:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-022-32504-9
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32504-9
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Matthieu Haudiquet & Julie Bris & Amandine Nucci & Rémy A. Bonnin & Pilar Domingo-Calap & Eduardo P. C. Rocha & Olaya Rendueles, 2024. "Capsules and their traits shape phage susceptibility and plasmid conjugation efficiency," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-16, December.
    2. Sergio Arredondo-Alonso & George Blundell-Hunter & Zuyi Fu & Rebecca A. Gladstone & Alfred Fillol-Salom & Jessica Loraine & Elaine Cloutman-Green & Pål J. Johnsen & Ørjan Samuelsen & Anna K. Pöntinen , 2023. "Evolutionary and functional history of the Escherichia coli K1 capsule," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-17, December.

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