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Unjamming and emergent nonreciprocity in active ploughing through a compressible viscoelastic fluid

Author

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  • Jyoti Prasad Banerjee

    (Simons Centre for the Study of Living Machines, National Centre for Biological Sciences (TIFR))

  • Rituparno Mandal

    (Institute for Theoretical Physics, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen)

  • Deb Sankar Banerjee

    (Carnegie Mellon University)

  • Shashi Thutupalli

    (Simons Centre for the Study of Living Machines, National Centre for Biological Sciences (TIFR)
    International Centre for Theoretical Sciences (TIFR))

  • Madan Rao

    (Simons Centre for the Study of Living Machines, National Centre for Biological Sciences (TIFR))

Abstract

A dilute suspension of active Brownian particles in a dense compressible viscoelastic fluid, forms a natural setting to study the emergence of nonreciprocity during a dynamical phase transition. At these densities, the transport of active particles is strongly influenced by the passive medium and shows a dynamical jamming transition as a function of activity and medium density. In the process, the compressible medium is actively churned up – for low activity, the active particle gets self-trapped in a cavity of its own making, while for large activity, the active particle ploughs through the medium, either accompanied by a moving anisotropic wake, or leaving a porous trail. A hydrodynamic approach makes it evident that the active particle generates a long-range density wake which breaks fore-aft symmetry, consistent with the simulations. Accounting for the back-reaction of the compressible medium leads to (i) dynamical jamming of the active particle, and (ii) a dynamical non-reciprocal attraction between two active particles moving along the same direction, with the trailing particle catching up with the leading one in finite time. We emphasize that these nonreciprocal effects appear only when the active particles are moving and so manifest in the vicinity of the jamming-unjamming transition.

Suggested Citation

  • Jyoti Prasad Banerjee & Rituparno Mandal & Deb Sankar Banerjee & Shashi Thutupalli & Madan Rao, 2022. "Unjamming and emergent nonreciprocity in active ploughing through a compressible viscoelastic fluid," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-10, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:13:y:2022:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-022-31984-z
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31984-z
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Michel Fruchart & Ryo Hanai & Peter B. Littlewood & Vincenzo Vitelli, 2021. "Non-reciprocal phase transitions," Nature, Nature, vol. 592(7854), pages 363-369, April.
    2. Ran Ni & Martien A. Cohen Stuart & Marjolein Dijkstra, 2013. "Pushing the glass transition towards random close packing using self-propelled hard spheres," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 4(1), pages 1-7, December.
    3. Rituparno Mandal & Pranab Jyoti Bhuyan & Pinaki Chaudhuri & Chandan Dasgupta & Madan Rao, 2020. "Extreme active matter at high densities," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 11(1), pages 1-8, December.
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