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Competition contributes to both warm and cool range edges

Author

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  • Shengman Lyu

    (ETH Zürich)

  • Jake M. Alexander

    (ETH Zürich)

Abstract

Competition plays an important role in shaping species’ spatial distributions. However, it remains unclear where and how competition regulates species’ range limits. In a field experiment with plants originating from low and high elevations and conducted across an elevation gradient in the Swiss Alps, we find that both lowland and highland species can better persist in the presence of competition within, rather than beyond, their elevation ranges. These findings suggest that competition helps set both lower and upper elevation range limits of these species. Furthermore, the reduced ability of pairs of lowland or highland species to coexist beyond their range edges is mainly driven by diminishing niche differences; changes in both niche differences and relative fitness differences drive weakening competitive dominance of lowland over highland species with increasing elevation. These results highlight the need to account for competitive interactions and investigate underlying coexistence mechanisms to understand current and future species distributions.

Suggested Citation

  • Shengman Lyu & Jake M. Alexander, 2022. "Competition contributes to both warm and cool range edges," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-9, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:13:y:2022:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-022-30013-3
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30013-3
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Steen, Bart & Broennimann, Olivier & Maiorano, Luigi & Guisan, Antoine, 2024. "How sensitive are species distribution models to different background point selection strategies? A test with species at various equilibrium levels," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 493(C).

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