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Differential V2-directed antibody responses in non-human primates infected with SHIVs or immunized with diverse HIV vaccines

Author

Listed:
  • Svenja Weiss

    (Division of Infectious Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai)

  • Vincenza Itri

    (Division of Infectious Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai)

  • Ruimin Pan

    (New York University School of Medicine)

  • Xunqing Jiang

    (New York University School of Medicine)

  • Christina C. Luo

    (New York University School of Medicine)

  • Lynn Morris

    (National Institute for Communicable Diseases, National Health Laboratory Service
    MRC Antibody Research Unit, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg and Center for the AIDS Program of Research in South Africa)

  • Delphine C. Malherbe

    (Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University
    University of Texas Medical Branch, Department of Pathology, Galveston National Laboratory)

  • Philip Barnette

    (Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University)

  • Jeff Alexander

    (PaxVax Corporation
    JL Alexander Research and Development Consulting LLC)

  • Xiang-Peng Kong

    (New York University School of Medicine)

  • Nancy L. Haigwood

    (Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University)

  • Ann J. Hessell

    (Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University)

  • Ralf Duerr

    (New York University School of Medicine)

  • Susan Zolla-Pazner

    (Division of Infectious Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
    Icahn School of Medicine)

Abstract

V2p and V2i antibodies (Abs) that are specific for epitopes in the V1V2 region of the HIV gp120 envelope (Env) do not effectively neutralize HIV but mediate Fc-dependent anti-viral activities that have been correlated with protection from, or control of HIV, SIV and SHIV infections. Here, we describe a novel molecular toolbox that allows the discrimination of antigenically and functionally distinct polyclonal V2 Ab responses. We identify different patterns of V2 Ab induction by SHIV infection and three separate vaccine regimens that aid in fine-tuning an optimized immunization protocol for inducing V2p and V2i Abs. We observe no, or weak and sporadic V2p and V2i Abs in non-vaccinated SHIV-infected NHPs, but strong V2p and/or V2i Ab responses after immunization with a V2-targeting vaccine protocol. The V2-focused vaccination is superior to both natural infection and to immunization with whole Env constructs for inducing functional V2p- and V2i-specific responses. Strikingly, levels of V2-directed Abs correlate inversely with Abs specific for peptides of V3 and C5. These data demonstrate that a V1V2-targeting vaccine has advantages over the imprecise targeting of SIV/SHIV infections and of whole Env-based immunization regimens for inducing a more focused functional V2p- and V2i-specific Ab response.

Suggested Citation

  • Svenja Weiss & Vincenza Itri & Ruimin Pan & Xunqing Jiang & Christina C. Luo & Lynn Morris & Delphine C. Malherbe & Philip Barnette & Jeff Alexander & Xiang-Peng Kong & Nancy L. Haigwood & Ann J. Hess, 2022. "Differential V2-directed antibody responses in non-human primates infected with SHIVs or immunized with diverse HIV vaccines," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-15, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:13:y:2022:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-022-28450-1
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28450-1
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    References listed on IDEAS

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