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Lithological Control on Landslide in the Siwalik Section of the Lakhandehi Khola Watershed of Sarlahi District, South-Eastern Nepal

Author

Listed:
  • Anup Neupane

    (Central Department of Geology, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal)

  • Kabi Raj Paudyal

    (Central Department of Geology, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal)

Abstract

The main objective of this study is to research how landslide occurrence is controlled by lithology in a portion of the Siwalik of Nepal. This study further aims to observe the immediate and long-term consequences of increasing landslides in the Siwalik and Bhabar Zone of Lakhandehi Khola watershed, South-Eastern, Nepal, through inventory-based analysis. The Siwalik rock successions of the present study can be divided into four geological units as the Lower Siwalik, Middle Siwalik 1 (MS1), Middle Siwalik 2 (MS2) and the Upper Siwalik, from older to younger, respectively. The landslide frequency and landslide size frequency were found very prominent in the Lower Siwalik and least in the Middle Siwalik 2 (MS2). In recent years, the downstream section of the Lakhandehi Khola watershed has been suffered critically from the extreme sediment supply which is provoked by increasing landslides in the Siwalik Hills. This has resulted several effects on river morphology such as channel erosion, upstream and downstream incision, gravel scramming, bed armouring and channel instability. Subsequently, loss of agricultural productivity, failure of flood protection structures, deforestation and so forth have been already started in the watershed region and is embodying depressing future if proper landslide-controlled measures are not used properly.

Suggested Citation

  • Anup Neupane & Kabi Raj Paudyal, 2021. "Lithological Control on Landslide in the Siwalik Section of the Lakhandehi Khola Watershed of Sarlahi District, South-Eastern Nepal," Journal of Development Innovations, KarmaQuest International, vol. 5(2), pages 44-65, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:kqi:journl:2021-5-2-3
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. David Petley & Gareth Hearn & Andrew Hart & Nicholas Rosser & Stuart Dunning & Katie Oven & Wishart Mitchell, 2007. "Trends in landslide occurrence in Nepal," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 43(1), pages 23-44, October.
    2. Gianluca Esposito & Cristiano Carabella & Giorgio Paglia & Enrico Miccadei, 2021. "Relationships between Morphostructural/Geological Framework and Landslide Types: Historical Landslides in the Hilly Piedmont Area of Abruzzo Region (Central Italy)," Land, MDPI, vol. 10(3), pages 1-28, March.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    landslide occurrence; geological mapping; Lakhandehi Khola watershed;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • O10 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - General
    • O21 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Development Planning and Policy - - - Planning Models; Planning Policy
    • O31 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights - - - Innovation and Invention: Processes and Incentives

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