IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/kap/transp/v48y2021i4d10.1007_s11116-020-10110-2.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

What are the determinants of the willingness to share rides in pooled on-demand services?

Author

Listed:
  • María J. Alonso-González

    (Delft University of Technology)

  • Oded Cats

    (Delft University of Technology)

  • Niels van Oort

    (Delft University of Technology)

  • Sascha Hoogendoorn-Lanser

    (KiM Netherlands Institute for Transport Policy Analysis)

  • Serge Hoogendoorn

    (Delft University of Technology)

Abstract

Simulation studies suggest that pooled on-demand services (also referred to as Demand Responsive Transport, ridesharing, shared ride-hailing or shared ridesourcing services) have the potential to bring large benefits to urban areas while inducing limited time losses for their users. However, in reality, the large majority of users request individual rides (and not pooled rides) in existing on-demand services, leading to increases in motorised vehicle miles travelled. In this study, we investigate to what extent fare discounts, additional travel time, and the (un)willingness to share the ride with (different numbers of) other passengers play a role in the decision of individuals to share rides. To this end, we design a stated preference study targeting Dutch urban individuals. In our research, we (1) disentangle the sharing aspect from related time–cost trade-offs (e.g. detours), (2) investigate preference heterogeneity regarding the studied attributes and identify distinct market segments, and (3) simulate scenarios to understand the impact of the obtained parameters in the breakdown between individual and pooled services. We find that less than one third of respondents have strong preferences against sharing their rides. Also, we find that different market segments vary not only in their values of the willingness to share, but also in how they perceive this willingness to share (per-ride or proportional to the in-vehicle time). Further, the scenario analysis demonstrates that the share of individuals who are willing to share rides depends primarily on the time–cost trade-offs, rather than on the disutility stemming from pooling rides per se.

Suggested Citation

  • María J. Alonso-González & Oded Cats & Niels van Oort & Sascha Hoogendoorn-Lanser & Serge Hoogendoorn, 2021. "What are the determinants of the willingness to share rides in pooled on-demand services?," Transportation, Springer, vol. 48(4), pages 1733-1765, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:kap:transp:v:48:y:2021:i:4:d:10.1007_s11116-020-10110-2
    DOI: 10.1007/s11116-020-10110-2
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11116-020-10110-2
    File Function: Abstract
    Download Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers.
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1007/s11116-020-10110-2?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Avineri, Erel & Owen D. Waygood, E., 2013. "Applying valence framing to enhance the effect of information on transport-related carbon dioxide emissions," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 48(C), pages 31-38.
    2. Cristian Domarchi & Alejandro Tudela & Angélica González, 2008. "Effect of attitudes, habit and affective appraisal on mode choice: an application to university workers," Transportation, Springer, vol. 35(5), pages 585-599, August.
    3. Walker, Joan & Ben-Akiva, Moshe, 2002. "Generalized random utility model," Mathematical Social Sciences, Elsevier, vol. 43(3), pages 303-343, July.
    4. Greene, William H. & Hensher, David A., 2003. "A latent class model for discrete choice analysis: contrasts with mixed logit," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 37(8), pages 681-698, September.
    5. Train,Kenneth E., 2009. "Discrete Choice Methods with Simulation," Cambridge Books, Cambridge University Press, number 9780521766555.
    6. Daniel J. Fagnant & Kara M. Kockelman, 2018. "Dynamic ride-sharing and fleet sizing for a system of shared autonomous vehicles in Austin, Texas," Transportation, Springer, vol. 45(1), pages 143-158, January.
    7. Shaheen, Susan & Cohen, Adam, 2018. "Shared ride services in North America: definitions, impacts, and the future of pooling," Institute of Transportation Studies, Research Reports, Working Papers, Proceedings qt2wr9q8c2, Institute of Transportation Studies, UC Berkeley.
    8. Lavieri, Patrícia S. & Bhat, Chandra R., 2019. "Modeling individuals’ willingness to share trips with strangers in an autonomous vehicle future," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 124(C), pages 242-261.
    9. Rodier, Caroline & Alemi, Farzad & Smith, Dylan, 2016. "Dynamic Ridesharing: Exploration of Potential for Reduction in Vehicle Miles Traveled," Institute of Transportation Studies, Working Paper Series qt6r6139g8, Institute of Transportation Studies, UC Davis.
    10. Spears, Steven & Houston, Douglas & Boarnet, Marlon G., 2013. "Illuminating the unseen in transit use: A framework for examining the effect of attitudes and perceptions on travel behavior," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 58(C), pages 40-53.
    11. Molin, Eric & Mokhtarian, Patricia & Kroesen, Maarten, 2016. "Multimodal travel groups and attitudes: A latent class cluster analysis of Dutch travelers," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 83(C), pages 14-29.
    12. Johanna Kopp & Regine Gerike & Kay Axhausen, 2015. "Do sharing people behave differently? An empirical evaluation of the distinctive mobility patterns of free-floating car-sharing members," Transportation, Springer, vol. 42(3), pages 449-469, May.
    13. Stephane Hess, 2014. "Latent class structures: taste heterogeneity and beyond," Chapters, in: Stephane Hess & Andrew Daly (ed.), Handbook of Choice Modelling, chapter 14, pages 311-330, Edward Elgar Publishing.
    14. Arentze, Theo A. & Molin, Eric J.E., 2013. "Travelers’ preferences in multimodal networks: Design and results of a comprehensive series of choice experiments," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 58(C), pages 15-28.
    15. Joan L. Walker & Yanqiao Wang & Mikkel Thorhauge & Moshe Ben-Akiva, 2018. "D-efficient or deficient? A robustness analysis of stated choice experimental designs," Theory and Decision, Springer, vol. 84(2), pages 215-238, March.
    16. Itf, 2016. "Shared Mobility: Innovation for Liveable Cities," International Transport Forum Policy Papers 21, OECD Publishing.
    17. Kim, Jinhee & Rasouli, Soora & Timmermans, Harry, 2017. "Satisfaction and uncertainty in car-sharing decisions: An integration of hybrid choice and random regret-based models," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 95(C), pages 13-33.
    18. Itf, 2017. "Shared Mobility Simulations for Helsinki," International Transport Forum Policy Papers 39, OECD Publishing.
    19. Al-Ayyash, Zahwa & Abou-Zeid, Maya & Kaysi, Isam, 2016. "Modeling the demand for a shared-ride taxi service: An application to an organization-based context," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 48(C), pages 169-182.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Yang, Hongtai & Luo, Peng & Li, Chaojing & Zhai, Guocong & Yeh, Anthony G.O., 2023. "Nonlinear effects of fare discounts and built environment on ridesplitting adoption rates," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 169(C).
    2. Rongen, Tibor & Tillema, Taede & Arts, Jos & Alonso-González, María J. & Witte, Jan-Jelle, 2022. "An analysis of the mobility hub concept in the Netherlands: Historical lessons for its implementation," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 104(C).
    3. Rossetti, Tomás & Broaddus, Andrea & Ruhl, Melissa & Daziano, Ricardo, 2023. "Commuter preferences for a first-mile/last-mile microtransit service in the United States," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 167(C).
    4. Wesley Darling & Jacquelyn Broader & Adam Cohen & Susan Shaheen, 2023. "Going My Way? Understanding Curb Management and Incentive Policies to Increase Pooling Service Use and Public Transit Linkages in the San Francisco Bay Area," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(18), pages 1-20, September.
    5. Huang, Guan & Liang, Yuebing & Zhao, Zhan, 2023. "Understanding market competition between transportation network companies using big data," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 178(C).
    6. Zhang, Wenqing & Liu, Liangliang, 2022. "Exploring non-users' intention to adopt ride-sharing services: Taking into account increased risks due to the COVID-19 pandemic among other factors," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 158(C), pages 180-195.
    7. Ballo, Lukas & de Freitas, Lucas Meyer & Meister, Adrian & Axhausen, Kay W., 2023. "The E-Bike City as a radical shift toward zero-emission transport: Sustainable? Equitable? Desirable?," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 111(C).
    8. Kiriazes, Rebecca & Edison Watkins, Kari, 2022. "Impact and analysis of rider comfort in shared modes during the COVID-19 pandemic," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 165(C), pages 20-37.
    9. Yao, Rui & Bekhor, Shlomo, 2023. "A general equilibrium model for multi-passenger ridesharing systems with stable matching," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 175(C).
    10. Zhang, Kenan & Nie, Yu (Marco), 2022. "Mitigating traffic congestion induced by transportation network companies: A policy analysis," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 159(C), pages 96-118.
    11. Zheyin Jin & Ye Li & Dominique Gruyer & Meiting Tu, 2024. "Enhancing the Carbon Reduction Potential in Ridesplitting through Evolutionary Game Strategies of Tripartite Stakeholders under Carbon-Inclusive Policy," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(16), pages 1-21, August.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. María J. Alonso-González & Oded Cats & Niels van Oort & Sascha Hoogendoorn-Lanser & Serge Hoogendoorn, 0. "What are the determinants of the willingness to share rides in pooled on-demand services?," Transportation, Springer, vol. 0, pages 1-33.
    2. Zgheib, Najib & Abou-Zeid, Maya & Kaysi, Isam, 2020. "Modeling demand for ridesourcing as feeder for high capacity mass transit systems with an application to the planned Beirut BRT," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 138(C), pages 70-91.
    3. Kim, Sung Hoo & Mokhtarian, Patricia L., 2023. "Finite mixture (or latent class) modeling in transportation: Trends, usage, potential, and future directions," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 172(C), pages 134-173.
    4. Raux, Charles & Chevalier, Amandine & Bougna, Emmanuel & Hilton, Denis, 2021. "Mobility choices and climate change: Assessing the effects of social norms, emissions information and economic incentives," Research in Transportation Economics, Elsevier, vol. 90(C).
    5. Krueger, Rico & Rashidi, Taha H. & Vij, Akshay, 2020. "A Dirichlet process mixture model of discrete choice: Comparisons and a case study on preferences for shared automated vehicles," Journal of choice modelling, Elsevier, vol. 36(C).
    6. Sfeir, Georges & Abou-Zeid, Maya & Kaysi, Isam, 2020. "Multivariate count data models for adoption of new transport modes in an organization-based context," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 91(C), pages 59-75.
    7. Soria, Jason & Stathopoulos, Amanda, 2021. "Investigating socio-spatial differences between solo ridehailing and pooled rides in diverse communities," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 95(C).
    8. Jason Soria & Shelly Etzioni & Yoram Shiftan & Amanda Stathopoulos & Eran Ben-Elia, 2022. "Microtransit adoption in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic: evidence from a choice experiment with transit and car commuters," Papers 2204.01974, arXiv.org.
    9. Rico Krueger & Taha H. Rashidi & Akshay Vij, 2019. "Semi-Parametric Hierarchical Bayes Estimates of New Yorkers' Willingness to Pay for Features of Shared Automated Vehicle Services," Papers 1907.09639, arXiv.org.
    10. Kanberger, Elke D. & Ziegler, Andreas, 2023. "On the preferences for an environmentally friendly and fair energy transition: A stated choice experiment for Germany," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 182(C).
    11. Liu, Zhiyong & Li, Ruimin & Dai, Jingchen, 2022. "Effects and feasibility of shared mobility with shared autonomous vehicles: An investigation based on data-driven modeling approach," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 156(C), pages 206-226.
    12. Alonso-González, María J. & Hoogendoorn-Lanser, Sascha & van Oort, Niels & Cats, Oded & Hoogendoorn, Serge, 2020. "Drivers and barriers in adopting Mobility as a Service (MaaS) – A latent class cluster analysis of attitudes," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 132(C), pages 378-401.
    13. Noruzoliaee, Mohamadhossein & Zou, Bo, 2022. "One-to-many matching and section-based formulation of autonomous ridesharing equilibrium," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 155(C), pages 72-100.
    14. Joan L. Walker & Moshe Ben-Akiva, 2011. "Advances in Discrete Choice: Mixture Models," Chapters, in: André de Palma & Robin Lindsey & Emile Quinet & Roger Vickerman (ed.), A Handbook of Transport Economics, chapter 8, Edward Elgar Publishing.
    15. Rotaris, Lucia & Danielis, Romeo & Maltese, Ila, 2019. "Carsharing use by college students: The case of Milan and Rome," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 120(C), pages 239-251.
    16. Tinessa, Fiore & Marzano, Vittorio & Papola, Andrea, 2020. "Mixing distributions of tastes with a Combination of Nested Logit (CoNL) kernel: Formulation and performance analysis," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 141(C), pages 1-23.
    17. Rana Tarabay & Maya Abou-Zeid, 2020. "Modeling the choice to switch from traditional modes to ridesourcing services for social/recreational trips in Lebanon," Transportation, Springer, vol. 47(4), pages 1733-1763, August.
    18. Rico Krueger & Akshay Vij & Taha H. Rashidi, 2018. "A Dirichlet Process Mixture Model of Discrete Choice," Papers 1801.06296, arXiv.org.
    19. Haghani, Milad & Bliemer, Michiel C.J. & Hensher, David A., 2021. "The landscape of econometric discrete choice modelling research," Journal of choice modelling, Elsevier, vol. 40(C).
    20. Morlotti, Chiara & Birolini, Sebastian & Malighetti, Paolo & Redondi, Renato, 2023. "A latent class approach to estimate air travelers’ propensity toward connecting itineraries," Research in Transportation Economics, Elsevier, vol. 99(C).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:kap:transp:v:48:y:2021:i:4:d:10.1007_s11116-020-10110-2. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Sonal Shukla or Springer Nature Abstracting and Indexing (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.springer.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.