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Immigration, ethnicity, and the loss of white students from California public schools, 1990–2000

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  • Jennifer Hook
  • Jason Snyder

Abstract

This article investigates whether and the extent to which “white flight” from Hispanic and Limited English Proficient (LEP) students has been occurring in California’s public schools and further, examines the level (school or district) on which “white flight” may operate. Using school-level administrative data from the California Department of Education from 1990 to 2000, we estimate exponential growth rate models of white enrollment with school-level fixed effects. The results shed light on the implications of immigration for school segregation in the United States. The analysis indicates that white enrollment declined in response to increases in the number of Spanish-speaking LEP and Hispanic students, and that “white flight” from LEP or Hispanic students occurred more at the district than the school level in the case of primary schools, and at the school level for secondary schools. In addition, schools with higher percentages of Spanish LEP students in the school than the district, and with higher percentages in the district relative to the county, experienced greater losses in white enrollments than other schools, thus suggesting that higher levels of segregation in the wider metropolitan area accelerate white flight. Copyright Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2007

Suggested Citation

  • Jennifer Hook & Jason Snyder, 2007. "Immigration, ethnicity, and the loss of white students from California public schools, 1990–2000," Population Research and Policy Review, Springer;Southern Demographic Association (SDA), vol. 26(3), pages 259-277, June.
  • Handle: RePEc:kap:poprpr:v:26:y:2007:i:3:p:259-277
    DOI: 10.1007/s11113-007-9035-8
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Betts, Julian R. & Fairlie, Robert W., 2003. "Does immigration induce 'native flight' from public schools into private schools?," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 87(5-6), pages 987-1012, May.
    2. Maria Krysan, 2002. "Whites who say they’d flee: Who are they, and why would they leave?," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 39(4), pages 675-696, November.
    3. Buddin, Richard J. & Cordes, Joseph J. & Kirby, Sheila Nataraj, 1998. "School Choice in California: Who Chooses Private Schools?," Journal of Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 44(1), pages 110-134, July.
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    Cited by:

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    2. Jeremy E. Fiel & Yongjun Zhang, 2018. "Three Dimensions of Change in School Segregation: A Grade-Period-Cohort Analysis," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 55(1), pages 33-58, February.
    3. Marcus H. Böhme & Sarah Kups, 2017. "The economic effects of labour immigration in developing countries: A literature review," OECD Development Centre Working Papers 335, OECD Publishing.
    4. Stephanie Potochnick, 2014. "The Academic Adaptation of Children of Immigrants in New and Established Settlement States: The Role of Family, Schools, and Neighborhoods," Population Research and Policy Review, Springer;Southern Demographic Association (SDA), vol. 33(3), pages 335-364, June.
    5. Lorien Rice & Mark Henderson & Margaret Hunter, 2017. "Neighborhood Priority or Desegregation Plans? A Spatial Analysis of Voting on San Francisco’s Student Assignment System," Population Research and Policy Review, Springer;Southern Demographic Association (SDA), vol. 36(6), pages 805-832, December.

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