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Spirituality and Corporate Philanthropy in Indian Family Firms: An Exploratory Study

Author

Listed:
  • Navneet Bhatnagar

    (Indian School of Business)

  • Pramodita Sharma

    (Indian School of Business
    University of Vermont
    Northwestern University)

  • Kavil Ramachandran

    (Indian School of Business)

Abstract

Family firm philanthropy (FFP) is the donation of resources to support societal betterment in ways meaningful for the controlling family. Family business literature suggests that socioemotional goals of achieving family prominence, harmony, and continuity drive FFP. However, these drivers fail to explain spiritually motivated philanthropic behaviors like anonymous giving by business families. 14 case studies of Indian Hindu business families with a combined FFP exceeding 2 billion INR in 2016–17 reveal spirituality or the moral dimension as an additional important driver of corporate behaviors like FFP. Two fundamental spiritual beliefs of dharma (duty towards society) and karma (right to action without expectation of rewards) instill a duty-bound giving culture in Hindus. However, the strength of each belief varies in controlling families revealing four configurations of philanthropists labeled as Devout, Committed, Devoid, and Coerced in this study. Devouts, the biggest givers, are spiritually motivated, controlled by at least third-generation family members with executive power and professional support. Committed philanthropists are motivated by societal development rather than spirituality. While devoids hold spiritual beliefs, they neglect to devote appropriate resources or develop professional structures to support FFP. Coerced, the smallest givers, focus on business growth, lack family champions or supporting professional structures, and face turbulent family or business domains.

Suggested Citation

  • Navneet Bhatnagar & Pramodita Sharma & Kavil Ramachandran, 2020. "Spirituality and Corporate Philanthropy in Indian Family Firms: An Exploratory Study," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 163(4), pages 715-728, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:kap:jbuset:v:163:y:2020:i:4:d:10.1007_s10551-019-04394-3
    DOI: 10.1007/s10551-019-04394-3
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    8. Joseph H. Astrachan & Claudia Binz Astrachan & Giovanna Campopiano & Massimo Baù, 2020. "Values, Spirituality and Religion: Family Business and the Roots of Sustainable Ethical Behavior," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 163(4), pages 637-645, May.
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    10. Mingchuan Yu & Han Lin & Greg G. Wang & Yuan Liu & Xiaotao Zheng, 2022. "Is too much as bad as too little? The S-curve relationship between corporate philanthropy and employee performance," Asia Pacific Journal of Management, Springer, vol. 39(4), pages 1511-1534, December.
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