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Convergence Across the United States: Evidence from Panel ESTAR Unit Root Test

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  • Chi-Keung Lau

Abstract

Many empirical studies try to test whether there is income convergence across metropolitan areas in the continental United States. Drennan et al. (Journal of Economic Geography 4(5), 2004 ) claim that income among metropolitan economies is diverging for the period 1969–2001, after applying univariate unit root tests to the time series data. This paper brings new information to this area of study by using the nonlinear panel unit root test of the Exponential Smooth Auto-Regressive Augmented Dickey–Fuller (ESTAR-ADF) unit root test on the time series data for the period 1929–2005. Our results find evidence of stationarity for time series and thereby support beta and sigma convergence among states in a nonlinear setup. However, when the non-linear test encompasses cross section dependence as advocated by Cerrato et al. ( 2008 ), the evidence is attenuated. Copyright International Atlantic Economic Society 2010

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  • Chi-Keung Lau, 2010. "Convergence Across the United States: Evidence from Panel ESTAR Unit Root Test," International Advances in Economic Research, Springer;International Atlantic Economic Society, vol. 16(1), pages 52-64, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:kap:iaecre:v:16:y:2010:i:1:p:52-64:10.1007/s11294-009-9241-8
    DOI: 10.1007/s11294-009-9241-8
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    Cited by:

    1. Juan Gabriel Brida & Silvia London & Lionello Punzo & Wiston Adrian Risso, 2011. "An Alternative View of the Convergence Issue of Growth Empirics," Growth and Change, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 42(3), pages 320-350, September.
    2. Tunali, Çiǧdem Börke & Yilanci, Veli, 2010. "Are per capita incomes of MENA countries converging or diverging?," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 389(21), pages 4855-4862.
    3. Gielens, Katrijn & Dekimpe, Marnik G. & Mukherjee, Anirban & Tuli, Kapil, 2023. "The future of private-label markets: A global convergence approach," International Journal of Research in Marketing, Elsevier, vol. 40(1), pages 248-267.
    4. Gielens, Katrijn & Dekimpe, Marnik & Mukherjee, A. & Tuli, Kapil R., 2023. "The future of private-label markets: A global convergence approach," Other publications TiSEM 06f4bad4-fc32-42f4-8b7f-2, Tilburg University, School of Economics and Management.
    5. Arisara Romyen & Jianxu Liu & Songsak Sriboonchitta & Parinya Cherdchom & Paratta Prommee, 2019. "Assessing Regional Economic Performance in the Southern Thailand Special Economic Zone Using a Vine-COPAR Model," Economies, MDPI, vol. 7(2), pages 1-10, April.
    6. Zarembova, Andrea & Lyocsa, Stefan & Baumöhl, Eduard, 2012. "The Real Convergence of CEE Countries: A Study of Real GDP per capita," EconStor Open Access Articles and Book Chapters, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, vol. 60(6), pages 642-656.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    United States income convergence; Nonlinear panel unitroottest; ESTAR; Cross section dependence; C10; F01; J10; O10; O40;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C10 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric and Statistical Methods and Methodology: General - - - General
    • F01 - International Economics - - General - - - Global Outlook
    • J10 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - General
    • O10 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - General
    • O40 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity - - - General

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