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Unit root tests of sigma income convergence across us metropolitan areas

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  • Matthew P. Drennan
  • José Lobo
  • Deborah Strumsky

Abstract

The standard deviation of metropolitan per capita personal income (PCPI) and metropolitan average wage per job (AWPJ) provide straightforward indicators of unconditional sigma convergence for metropolitan economies within the United States. Using data for all metropolitan areas in the continental United States for the period 1969--2001, we tested for the unconditional sigma income convergence hypothesis by applying two unit root tests to the time series of the two standard deviations. Our results indicate that the time series can be described as random walks with drift, thereby supporting the claim that income divergence among metropolitan economies is not decreasing. Copyright 2004, Oxford University Press.

Suggested Citation

  • Matthew P. Drennan & José Lobo & Deborah Strumsky, 2004. "Unit root tests of sigma income convergence across us metropolitan areas," Journal of Economic Geography, Oxford University Press, vol. 4(5), pages 583-595, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:oup:jecgeo:v:4:y:2004:i:5:p:583-595
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    File URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1093/jnlecg/lbh035
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    Cited by:

    1. Kutuk, Yasin, 2022. "Inequality convergence: A world-systems theory approach," Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, Elsevier, vol. 63(C), pages 150-165.
    2. Giorgio Canarella & Rangan Gupta & Stephen M. Miller & Stephen K. Pollard, 2019. "Unemployment rate hysteresis and the great recession: exploring the metropolitan evidence," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 56(1), pages 61-79, January.
    3. Chi-Keung Lau, 2010. "Convergence Across the United States: Evidence from Panel ESTAR Unit Root Test," International Advances in Economic Research, Springer;International Atlantic Economic Society, vol. 16(1), pages 52-64, February.
    4. Zizi Goschin, 2018. "Variations Of Regional Inequalities In Romania In The Long Run," Management Strategies Journal, Constantin Brancoveanu University, vol. 42(4), pages 91-99.
    5. Burcu Ozcan, 2014. "Does Income Converge among EU Member Countries following the Post-War Period? Evidence from the PANKPSS Test," Journal for Economic Forecasting, Institute for Economic Forecasting, vol. 0(3), pages 22-38, October.
    6. LAU, Chi Keung Marco, 2010. "New evidence about regional income divergence in China," China Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 21(2), pages 293-309, June.
    7. Gheorghe ZAMAN & Zizi GOSCHIN, 2016. "A New Multidimensional Ranking of Shadow Economy for EU Countries," Romanian Journal of Economics, Institute of National Economy, vol. 43(2(52)), pages 14-33, december.
    8. Matthew P. Drennan, 2005. "Possible Sources of Wage Divergence among Metropolitan Areas of the United States," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 42(9), pages 1609-1620, August.
    9. Yerken Turganbayev, 2016. "Regional convergence in Kazakhstan," Post-Communist Economies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 28(3), pages 314-334, July.
    10. Zarembova, Andrea & Lyocsa, Stefan & Baumöhl, Eduard, 2012. "The Real Convergence of CEE Countries: A Study of Real GDP per capita," EconStor Open Access Articles and Book Chapters, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, vol. 60(6), pages 642-656.
    11. Gheorghe Zaman & Zizi Goschin, 2014. "Economic Crisis and Wage Divergence: Empirical Evidence from Romania," Prague Economic Papers, Prague University of Economics and Business, vol. 2014(4), pages 493-513.
    12. Ismail Genc & Jon Miller & Anil Rupasingha, 2011. "Stochastic convergence tests for US regional per capita personal income; some further evidence: a research note," The Annals of Regional Science, Springer;Western Regional Science Association, vol. 46(2), pages 369-377, April.

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