IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/hrs/journl/vxivy2022i2p71-94.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Are The Regions With More Gender Equality The More Resilient Ones? An Analysis Of The Italian Regions

Author

Listed:
  • Barbara MARTINI

    (Researcher of Policy Economics, University of Rome Tor Vergata (Italy))

  • Marco PLATANIA

    (Researcher of Applied Economics, University of Catania (IT), Visiting Research Fellowship, University of Winchester (UK))

Abstract

The paper aims to investigate the relationship between gender equality and regional resilience. Literature, primarily regional literature, has shown limited interest in gender. Nevertheless, females and males are employed in different industries, so when a shock hits, it can have a different employment impact in terms of gender and, consequently, in terms of resilience. Regions are specialized in some industries. Regional specialization results from historical, cultural, natural endowments, and social elements. Also, the uneven distribution between females and males within industries involves social, cultural, and economic components. As a result, regional specialization determines an employment distribution that can be unequal regarding gender. This employment distribution is captured by the Dissimilarity Index, which measures the sum of the absolute difference in females' and males' distribution over occupations. Therefore, the dissimilarity index emerges as a consequence of regional specialization. This dissimilarity, in turn, could have an impact on resilience. Our results put several significant results forwards. First, there is a relationship between gender segregation and regional specialization. The higher the regional specialization in sectors where the females' share is low, the higher the dissimilarity. Second, there was a positive relationship between resilience and gender equality from 2008 to 2013. The more gender equality regions are also the more resilient ones. Taking a sectoral occupation is not easy, including social values, cultural components, welfare, education, and soft skill. Policies should also address their efforts to enhance the welfare and social dimensions and break gender stereotypes.

Suggested Citation

  • Barbara MARTINI & Marco PLATANIA, 2022. "Are The Regions With More Gender Equality The More Resilient Ones? An Analysis Of The Italian Regions," Regional Science Inquiry, Hellenic Association of Regional Scientists, vol. 0(2), pages 71-94, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:hrs:journl:v:xiv:y:2022:i:2:p:71-94
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.rsijournal.eu/ARTICLES/December_2022/5.pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Ailsa McKay & Jim Campbell & Emily Thomson & Susanne Ross, 2013. "Economic Recession and Recovery in the UK: What's Gender Got to Do with It?," Feminist Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 19(3), pages 108-123, July.
    2. Giandomenica Becchio, 2018. "Gender, Feminist and Heterodox Economics: Interconnections and Differences in a Historical Perspective," Economic Alternatives, University of National and World Economy, Sofia, Bulgaria, issue 1, pages 5-24, March.
    3. Leonida CORREIA & Marina ALVES, 2017. "Regional Employment In Portugal: Differences And Cyclical Synchronisation," Regional Science Inquiry, Hellenic Association of Regional Scientists, vol. 0(2), pages 159-175, December.
    4. Chiara Mussida & Francesco Pastore, 2015. "Worker Turnover Across Italian Regions," AIEL Series in Labour Economics, in: Chiara Mussida & Francesco Pastore (ed.), Geographical Labor Market Imbalances. Recent Explanations and Cures, edition 1, chapter 2, pages 17-35, AIEL - Associazione Italiana Economisti del Lavoro.
    5. Carolina Castaldi & Koen Frenken & Bart Los, 2015. "Related Variety, Unrelated Variety and Technological Breakthroughs: An analysis of US State-Level Patenting," Regional Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 49(5), pages 767-781, May.
    6. Titan Alon & Sena Coskun & Matthias Doepke & David Koll & Michèle Tertilt, 2022. "From Mancession to Shecession: Women’s Employment in Regular and Pandemic Recessions," NBER Macroeconomics Annual, University of Chicago Press, vol. 36(1), pages 83-151.
    7. Koen Frenken & Frank Van Oort & Thijs Verburg, 2007. "Related Variety, Unrelated Variety and Regional Economic Growth," Regional Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 41(5), pages 685-697.
    8. David Cuberes & Marc Teignier, 2014. "Gender Inequality And Economic Growth: A Critical Review," Journal of International Development, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 26(2), pages 260-276, March.
    9. Stilianos ALEXIADIS, 2020. "Regional Convergence: Theory And Empirics," Regional Science Inquiry, Hellenic Association of Regional Scientists, vol. 0(1), pages 245-252, June.
    10. Benjamin Davies & David C. Maré, 2021. "Relatedness, complexity and local growth," Regional Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 55(3), pages 479-494, March.
    11. Ron Boschma & Koen Frenken, 2015. "Evolutionary Economic Geography," Papers in Evolutionary Economic Geography (PEEG) 1518, Utrecht University, Department of Human Geography and Spatial Planning, Group Economic Geography, revised May 2015.
    12. Ron Boschma & Ron Martin (ed.), 2010. "The Handbook of Evolutionary Economic Geography," Books, Edward Elgar Publishing, number 12864.
    13. Wolfgang Dauth & Michaela Fuchs & Anne Otto, 2018. "Long‐run processes of geographical concentration and dispersion: Evidence from Germany," Papers in Regional Science, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 97(3), pages 569-593, August.
    14. Petrongolo, Barbara & Ronchi, Maddalena, 2020. "Gender gaps and the structure of local labor markets," Labour Economics, Elsevier, vol. 64(C).
    15. Xie, Luqun & Zhou, Jieyu & Zong, Qingqing & Lu, Qian, 2020. "Gender diversity in R&D teams and innovation efficiency: Role of the innovation context," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 49(1).
    16. Mary Borrowman & Stephan Klasen, 2020. "Drivers of Gendered Sectoral and Occupational Segregation in Developing Countries," Feminist Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 26(2), pages 62-94, April.
    17. Ron Martin, 2012. "Regional economic resilience, hysteresis and recessionary shocks," Journal of Economic Geography, Oxford University Press, vol. 12(1), pages 1-32, January.
    18. Alberto Alesina & Paola Giuliano & Nathan Nunn, 2011. "Fertility and the Plough," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 101(3), pages 499-503, May.
    19. C. Cindy Fan & Allen J. Scott, 2003. "Industrial Agglomeration and Development: A Survey of Spatial Economic Issues in East Asia and a Statistical Analysis of Chinese Regions," Economic Geography, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 79(3), pages 295-319, July.
    20. Inge Noback & Lourens Broersma & Jouke Van Dijk, 2013. "Gender-Specific Spatial Interactions on Dutch Regional Labour Markets and the Gender Employment Gap," Regional Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 47(8), pages 1299-1312, September.
    21. Paolo Di Caro, 2015. "Recessions, recoveries and regional resilience: evidence on Italy," Cambridge Journal of Regions, Economy and Society, Cambridge Political Economy Society, vol. 8(2), pages 273-291.
    22. Paolo Di Caro, 2017. "Testing and explaining economic resilience with an application to Italian regions," Papers in Regional Science, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 96(1), pages 93-113, March.
    23. Michael G. Abbott & Charles M. Beach, 1994. "Wage Changes and Job Changes of Canadian Women: Evidence from the 1986-87 Labour Market Activity Survey," Journal of Human Resources, University of Wisconsin Press, vol. 29(2), pages 429-460.
    24. Yicheol Han & Stephan J. Goetz, 2015. "The Economic Resilience of U.S. Counties during the Great Recession," The Review of Regional Studies, Southern Regional Science Association, vol. 45(2), pages 131-149, Fall.
    25. Martini, Barbara, 2020. "Resilience and economic structure. Are they related?," Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, Elsevier, vol. 54(C), pages 62-91.
    26. Frank Neffke & Martin Henning & Ron Boschma & Karl-Johan Lundquist & Lars-Olof Olander, 2011. "The Dynamics of Agglomeration Externalities along the Life Cycle of Industries," Regional Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 45(1), pages 49-65.
    27. Hasan ENGIN DURAN, 2019. "Regional Unemployment Dynamics In Turkey," Regional Science Inquiry, Hellenic Association of Regional Scientists, vol. 0(1), pages 9-23, June.
    28. Seguino, Stephanie, 2000. "Gender Inequality and Economic Growth: A Cross-Country Analysis," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 28(7), pages 1211-1230, July.
    29. Chiara Mussida & Francesco Pastore (ed.), 2015. "Geographical Labor Market Imbalances," AIEL Series in Labour Economics, Springer, edition 127, number 978-3-642-55203-8, December.
    30. Zanxin Wang & Wei Wei, 2021. "Regional economic resilience in China: measurement and determinants," Regional Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 55(7), pages 1228-1239, July.
    31. Eleonora CUTRINI & Enzo VALENTINI, 2017. "Regional Strategies For Dealing With Structural Change," Regional Science Inquiry, Hellenic Association of Regional Scientists, vol. 0(1), pages 107-117, June.
    32. Chris van Egeraat & Edgar Morgenroth & Rutger Kroes & Declan Curran & Justin Gleeson, 2018. "A measure for identifying substantial geographic concentrations," Papers in Regional Science, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 97(2), pages 281-300, June.
    33. Ron Boschma & Ron Martin, 2010. "The Aims and Scope of Evolutionary Economic Geography," Chapters, in: Ron Boschma & Ron Martin (ed.), The Handbook of Evolutionary Economic Geography, chapter 1, Edward Elgar Publishing.
    34. Juan Fernández Sastre, 2015. "The impact of R%D teams' gender diversity on innovation outputs," International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business, Inderscience Enterprises Ltd, vol. 24(1), pages 142-162.
    35. Michael Fritsch & Sandra Kublina, 2018. "Related variety, unrelated variety and regional growth: the role of absorptive capacity and entrepreneurship," Regional Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 52(10), pages 1360-1371, October.
    36. Juan R. Cuadrado-Roura & Andrés Maroto, 2016. "Unbalanced regional resilience to the economic crisis in Spain: a tale of specialisation and productivity," Cambridge Journal of Regions, Economy and Society, Cambridge Political Economy Society, vol. 9(1), pages 153-178.
    37. Ron Martin & Peter Sunley & Ben Gardiner & Peter Tyler, 2016. "How Regions React to Recessions: Resilience and the Role of Economic Structure," Regional Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 50(4), pages 561-585, April.
    38. Chacon-Hurtado, Davis & Kumar, Indraneel & Gkritza, Konstantina & Fricker, Jon D. & Beaulieu, Lionel J., 2020. "The role of transportation accessibility in regional economic resilience," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 84(C).
    39. Virginie le Masson & Emma Lovell, 2016. "Equity and Inclusion in Disaster Risk Reduction: Building Resilience for all," Working Papers id:11362, eSocialSciences.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Duygu Buyukyazici, 2023. "The Gender Dimension of Industrial Diversification: What is the Role of Skills Gap?," Papers in Evolutionary Economic Geography (PEEG) 2319, Utrecht University, Department of Human Geography and Spatial Planning, Group Economic Geography, revised Sep 2023.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Giulio Cainelli & Roberto Ganau & Marco Modica, 2019. "Industrial relatedness and regional resilience in the European Union," Papers in Regional Science, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 98(2), pages 755-778, April.
    2. Elias Giannakis & Christos T. Papadas, 2021. "Spatial Connectivity and Regional Economic Resilience in Turbulent Times," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(20), pages 1-12, October.
    3. Martini, Barbara, 2020. "Resilience and economic structure. Are they related?," Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, Elsevier, vol. 54(C), pages 62-91.
    4. Ron Boschma, 2015. "Towards an Evolutionary Perspective on Regional Resilience," Regional Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 49(5), pages 733-751, May.
    5. Jing Xiao & Ron Boschma & Martin Andersson, 2018. "Resilience in the European Union: the effect of the 2008 crisis on the ability of regions in Europe to develop new industrial specializations," Industrial and Corporate Change, Oxford University Press and the Associazione ICC, vol. 27(1), pages 15-47.
    6. Tao Zhao & Jinwei Huo & Degang Yang & Xinhuan Zhang & Danni Lu & Mingjie Cui & Rongqian Lu & Yaning Chen, 2022. "Study on the Spatial Differentiation Characteristics and Influencing Factors of China’s Economic Resilience under Different Shocks," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(24), pages 1-15, December.
    7. Luciana Lazzeretti & Stefania Oliva & Niccolò Innocenti, 2019. "Exploring the role of industrial structure for regional economic resilience," Papers in Evolutionary Economic Geography (PEEG) 1917, Utrecht University, Department of Human Geography and Spatial Planning, Group Economic Geography, revised May 2019.
    8. Francesca Silvia Rota & Marco Bagliani & Paolo Feletig, 2020. "Breaking the Black-Box of Regional Resilience: A Taxonomy Using a Dynamic Cumulative Shift-Share Occupational Approach," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(21), pages 1-27, October.
    9. Silvia Rocchetta & Andrea Mina & Changjun Lee & Dieter F Kogler, 2022. "Technological knowledge spaces and the resilience of European regions," Journal of Economic Geography, Oxford University Press, vol. 22(1), pages 27-51.
    10. Romão, João, 2020. "Tourism, smart specialisation, growth, and resilience," Annals of Tourism Research, Elsevier, vol. 84(C).
    11. Marcel Bednarz & Tom Broekel, 2020. "Pulled or pushed? The spatial diffusion of wind energy between local demand and supply," Industrial and Corporate Change, Oxford University Press and the Associazione ICC, vol. 29(4), pages 893-916.
    12. Marte C.W. Solheim & Ron Boschma & Sverre Herstad, 2018. "Related variety, unrelated variety and the novelty content of firm innovation in urban and non-urban locations," Papers in Evolutionary Economic Geography (PEEG) 1836, Utrecht University, Department of Human Geography and Spatial Planning, Group Economic Geography, revised Oct 2018.
    13. Paolo Rizzi & Paola Graziano & Antonio Dallara, 2018. "A capacity approach to territorial resilience: the case of European regions," The Annals of Regional Science, Springer;Western Regional Science Association, vol. 60(2), pages 285-328, March.
    14. Niccolò Innocenti & Francesco Capone & Luciana Lazzeretti & Sergio Petralia, 2022. "The role of inventors’ networks and variety for breakthrough inventions," Papers in Regional Science, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 101(1), pages 37-57, February.
    15. Hundt, Christian & Holtermann, Linus & Steeger, Jonas & Bersch, Johannes, 2019. "Cluster externalities, firm capabilities, and the recessionary shock: How the macro-to-micro-transition shapes firm performance during stable times and times of crisis," ZEW Discussion Papers 19-008, ZEW - Leibniz Centre for European Economic Research.
    16. Gergő Tóth & Zoltán Elekes & Adam Whittle & Changjun Lee & Dieter F. Kogler, 2022. "Technology Network Structure Conditions the Economic Resilience of Regions," Economic Geography, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 98(4), pages 355-378, August.
    17. Chang-Tai Lee & Jin-Li Hu & Ming-Hsin Kung, 2022. "Economic Resilience in the Early Stage of the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Across-Economy Comparison," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(8), pages 1-25, April.
    18. Xin Mai & Roger C. K. Chan, 2020. "Detecting the intellectual pathway of resilience thinking in urban and regional studies: A critical reflection on resilience literature," Growth and Change, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 51(3), pages 876-889, September.
    19. Crescenzi, Riccardo & Ganau, Roberto, 2024. "Inward FDI and regional performance in Europe after the Great Recession," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 125406, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    20. Mathieu P A Steijn & Pierre-Alexandre Balland & Ron Boschma & David L Rigby, 2023. "Technological diversification of U.S. cities during the great historical crises," Journal of Economic Geography, Oxford University Press, vol. 23(6), pages 1303-1344.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Gender; Regional specialization; Dissimilarity; Resilience; Italy;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • R10 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - General Regional Economics - - - General
    • R11 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - General Regional Economics - - - Regional Economic Activity: Growth, Development, Environmental Issues, and Changes
    • R19 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - General Regional Economics - - - Other
    • O18 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Urban, Rural, Regional, and Transportation Analysis; Housing; Infrastructure

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:hrs:journl:v:xiv:y:2022:i:2:p:71-94. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Dimitrios K. Kouzas (email available below). General contact details of provider: .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.