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Computational Modelling on Gasification Processes of Municipal Solid Wastes Including Molten Slag

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  • Genevieve Soon

    (Environmental Process Modelling Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Cleantech Loop, Singapore 637141, Singapore
    Interdisciplinary Graduate Programme, Graduate College, Nanyang Technological University, 61 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637335, Singapore)

  • Hui Zhang

    (Environmental Process Modelling Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Cleantech Loop, Singapore 637141, Singapore)

  • Adrian Wing-Keung Law

    (Environmental Process Modelling Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Cleantech Loop, Singapore 637141, Singapore
    School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore)

  • Chun Yang

    (School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore)

Abstract

The formulation of the CFD-DEM model, CD-MELT, is established in this study to include three-phase non-isothermal processes with simultaneous combustion and melting for gasification simulations. To demonstrate the model capability, CD-MELT is used to assess the need for slag recycling for the non-isothermal melting of municipal solid wastes (MSW) in a prototype waste-to-energy research facility. The simulation encompasses the full fixed-bed slagging gasification process, including chemical reactions and melting of MSW and slag. In order to assess the need for slag recycling, comparisons are made for the two cases of with and without, in terms of the slag mass, liquid slag volume fraction, exit gas composition, and temperature distribution in the gasifier. The prediction results enable the tracking of liquid molten slag as it permeates through the solids-packed bed for the first time in the literature as far as we are aware, which is crucial to address design considerations such as distribution of bed temperature and optimal location for slag-tap holes at the bottom, as well as potential slag clogging within the porous media. The model also predicts an uneven and intermittent slag permeation through the packed bed without the recycling, and provides a plausible explanation for the operators’ experience of why slag recycling is important for process stability. Finally, the predicted slag outlet temperature using the proposed CFD approach also agrees well with the measurement data published in an earlier case study for the same facility.

Suggested Citation

  • Genevieve Soon & Hui Zhang & Adrian Wing-Keung Law & Chun Yang, 2023. "Computational Modelling on Gasification Processes of Municipal Solid Wastes Including Molten Slag," Waste, MDPI, vol. 1(2), pages 1-19, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jwaste:v:1:y:2023:i:2:p:23-388:d:1120039
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Ramos, Ana & Monteiro, Eliseu & Silva, Valter & Rouboa, Abel, 2018. "Co-gasification and recent developments on waste-to-energy conversion: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 81(P1), pages 380-398.
    2. Ping Wang & Mehrdad Massoudi, 2013. "Slag Behavior in Gasifiers. Part I: Influence of Coal Properties and Gasification Conditions," Energies, MDPI, vol. 6(2), pages 1-23, February.
    3. Feng, YanHui & Gao, Jie & Feng, Daili & Zhang, XinXin, 2019. "Modeling of the molten blast furnace slag particle deposition on the wall including phase change and heat transfer," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 248(C), pages 288-298.
    4. Ramos, Ana & Monteiro, Eliseu & Rouboa, Abel, 2019. "Numerical approaches and comprehensive models for gasification process: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 110(C), pages 188-206.
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