IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jtourh/v5y2024i3p41-712d1458395.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Patrons Reaction to Fear in Different Dining Contexts: A Cognitive-Experiential Self-Theory Exploration

Author

Listed:
  • Robert Paul Jones

    (Department of Hospitality and Retail Management, College of Health and Human Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA)

  • Mohammad Alimohammadirokni

    (Sales and Marketing, and Hospitality and Tourism, Department of Entrepreneurship, College of Business, Western Carolina University, Cullowhee, NC 28723, USA)

Abstract

Cognitive-experiential self-theory is a unique model for exploring restaurant patrons’ decision making. Fear and its impact on diners’ decision making, particularly related to specific dining contexts (dine-in, takeout, and delivery), are limited in their representation in the literature. The COVID-19 pandemic provided an instance where a single fear could be explored universally for dining patrons. This study explores how fear influences diners’ perception of risk, antipathy, and avoidance toward restaurant dining and how these factors impact their intention to dine in a restaurant. Furthermore, it investigates how those constructs influence diner decision making regarding the selection of one of the identified dining contexts. Online survey data (n = 1225) of diners were analyzed using SEM. The research finds that fear impacts dining contexts differentially. Additionally, environmental control is identified as a valuable tool in the mitigation of diners’ fear. The pandemic had devastating impacts on the restaurant industry, partly due to the lack of research into fear, particularly in dining contexts. This research helps to fill the important research gap through the findings and theoretical and managerial implications provided.

Suggested Citation

  • Robert Paul Jones & Mohammad Alimohammadirokni, 2024. "Patrons Reaction to Fear in Different Dining Contexts: A Cognitive-Experiential Self-Theory Exploration," Tourism and Hospitality, MDPI, vol. 5(3), pages 1-24, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jtourh:v:5:y:2024:i:3:p:41-712:d:1458395
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2673-5768/5/3/41/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2673-5768/5/3/41/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Antonetti, Paolo & Manika, Danae & Katsikeas, Constantine, 2019. "Why consumer animosity reduces product quality perceptions: The role of extreme emotions in international crises," International Business Review, Elsevier, vol. 28(4), pages 739-753.
    2. Naeem Akhtar & Muhammad Nadeem Akhtar & Muhammad Usman & Moazzam Ali & Umar Iqbal Siddiqi, 2020. "COVID-19 restrictions and consumers’ psychological reactance toward offline shopping freedom restoration," The Service Industries Journal, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 40(13-14), pages 891-913, October.
    3. Unji Baek & Seul Ki Lee, 2023. "Pandemic Dining Dilemmas: Exploring the Determinants of Korean Consumer Dining-Out Behavior during COVID-19," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-15, May.
    4. Huiyun Zhu, 2022. "Interplay between Discrete Emotions and Preventive Behavior in Health Crises: Big Data Analysis of COVID-19," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(24), pages 1-15, December.
    5. Hille, Patrick & Walsh, Gianfranco & Cleveland, Mark, 2015. "Consumer Fear of Online Identity Theft: Scale Development and Validation," Journal of Interactive Marketing, Elsevier, vol. 30(C), pages 1-19.
    6. Dagnachew Leta Senbeto & Alice H. Y. Hon, 2020. "The impacts of social and economic crises on tourist behaviour and expenditure: an evolutionary approach," Current Issues in Tourism, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 23(6), pages 740-755, March.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Mohammad Javad Maghsoodi Tilaki & Gelareh Abooali & Massoomeh Hedayati Marzbali & Narimah Samat, 2021. "Vendors’ Attitudes and Perceptions towards International Tourists in the Malaysia Night Market: Does the COVID-19 Outbreak Matter?," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(3), pages 1-20, February.
    2. Gianina Chirugu, 2022. "Analysis of the influence of the coronavirus pandemic on elderly people," Technium Social Sciences Journal, Technium Science, vol. 28(1), pages 658-667, February.
    3. Chan, Ho-Yin & Ma, Hanxi & Zhou, Jiangping, 2024. "Resilience of socio-technical transportation systems: A demand-driven community detection in human mobility structures," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 190(C).
    4. Xiufang Jiang & Jianxiong Qin & Jianguo Gao & Mollie G Gossage, 2022. "The mediation of perceived risk’s impact on destination image and travel intention: An empirical study of Chengdu, China during COVID-19," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 17(1), pages 1-23, January.
    5. Belinda K. Muriuki & Zack B. Awino & Madara M. Ogot & James N. Muranga, 2023. "Dynamic Capabilities, Human Capital, Firm Innovation: Evidence from Nairobi, Kenya, During COVID-19," International Journal of Business and Management, Canadian Center of Science and Education, vol. 18(2), pages 132-132, June.
    6. Kurtulus Ozbasar & Mehmet Bahri Saydam & Ali Ozturen & Mehmet Guven Ardahan, 2024. "Behind the Kitchen Doors: Unveiling Post-COVID Challenges and Sustainable Solutions for Chefs in the Hospitality Sector," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(17), pages 1-12, September.
    7. Tsung-Hung Lee & Fen-Hauh Jan, 2022. "How Does Personality Affect COVID-19 Pandemic Travel Risk Perceptions and Behaviors? Evidence from Segment Analysis in Taiwan," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(1), pages 1-15, December.
    8. Minjeong Kang & Taeshik Gong, 2019. "Dysfunctional customer behavior: conceptualization and empirical validation," Service Business, Springer;Pan-Pacific Business Association, vol. 13(4), pages 625-646, December.
    9. Krüger, Tinka & Hoffmann, Stefan & Nibat, Ipek N. & Mai, Robert & Trendel, Olivier & Görg, Holger & Lasarov, Wassili, 2024. "How consumer animosity drives anti-consumption: A multi-country examination of social animosity," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 81(C).
    10. Hayiel Hino & Israel D. Nebenzahl, 2021. "Applying information integration theory to the study of boycott–spillover to linked regions," Quality & Quantity: International Journal of Methodology, Springer, vol. 55(5), pages 1889-1915, October.
    11. Jiang, Yangyang & Stylos, Nikolaos, 2021. "Triggers of consumers’ enhanced digital engagement and the role of digital technologies in transforming the retail ecosystem during COVID-19 pandemic," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 172(C).
    12. Cheng Liu & Cheuk-Kwan Sun & Yu-Chia Chang & Shang-Yu Yang & Tao Liu & Cheng-Chia Yang, 2021. "The Impact of the Fear of COVID-19 on Purchase Behavior of Dietary Supplements: Integration of the Theory of Planned Behavior and the Protection Motivation Theory," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(22), pages 1-17, November.
    13. Xiong, Yanyan & Cui, Xue & Yu, Liuming, 2024. "Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on online consumption share: Evidence from China's mobile payment data," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 81(C).
    14. Abdul Samad Abdul Ghani & Haris Abdul Wahab & Amer Saifude Ghazali & Siti Balqis Mohd Azam, 2021. "Contextual and multifactorial influence on perception of safety from crime among selected Malaysians," International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science (2147-4478), Center for the Strategic Studies in Business and Finance, vol. 10(8), pages 284-297, December.
    15. Nawaz, Muhammad Zahid & Nawaz, Shahid & Guzmán, Francisco & Plotkina, Daria, 2023. "The aftermath of Covid-19: The rise of pandemic animosity among consumers and its scale development," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 157(C).
    16. Kim, Changju & Yan, Xiuyan & Kim, Jungkeun & Terasaki, Shinichiro & Furukawa, Hiroyasu, 2022. "Effect of consumer animosity on boycott campaigns in a cross-cultural context: Does consumer affinity matter?," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 69(C).
    17. Siddiqi, Umar Iqbal & Akhtar, Naeem & Islam, Tahir, 2022. "Restaurant hygiene attributes and consumers’ fear of COVID-19: Does psychological distress matter?," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 67(C).
    18. Agustín J. Sánchez-Medina & Juan Manuel Benítez-del-Rosario & Félix Blázquez-Santana, 2017. "Anomia and Displacement of Responsibility as Determinants of Tourist Company Managers’ Non-Involvement in Alleviating Poverty," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(5), pages 1-15, May.
    19. Devki A. Patel & Verena Graupmann & Joseph R. Ferrari, 2023. "Reactance, Decisional Procrastination, and Hesitation: A Latent Class Analysis of Clutter Behavior," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(3), pages 1-14, January.
    20. Ahmet Yağmur Ersoy & Metin Saygılı & Mustafa İlteriş Yılmaz & Mustafa Emre Uslu & İhsan Hakan Selvi, 2022. "Consumer Sentiment in Turkey, from Closure to the New Normal," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(15), pages 1-24, July.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jtourh:v:5:y:2024:i:3:p:41-712:d:1458395. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.