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Sustainable Production of Algal Biomass and Biofuels Using Swine Wastewater in North Carolina, US

Author

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  • Bo Zhang

    (Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Design, North Carolina A & T State University, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA)

  • Lijun Wang

    (Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Design, North Carolina A & T State University, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA)

  • Bilal A. Riddicka

    (Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Design, North Carolina A & T State University, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA)

  • Rui Li

    (Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Design, North Carolina A & T State University, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA
    Joint School of Nanoscience and Nanoengineering, North Carolina A & T State University, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA)

  • Justin R. Able

    (Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Design, North Carolina A & T State University, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA)

  • Nana Abayie Boakye-Boaten

    (Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Design, North Carolina A & T State University, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA)

  • Abolghasem Shahbazi

    (Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Design, North Carolina A & T State University, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA)

Abstract

Algae were recently considered as a promising third-generation biofuel feedstock due to their superior productivity, high oil content, and environmentally friendly nature. However, the sustainable production became the major constraint facing commercial development of algal biofuels. For this study, firstly, a factorial experimental design was used to analyze the effects of the process parameters including temperatures of 8–25 °C, light intensity of 150–900 μmol·m −2 s −1 , and light duration of 6–24 h on the biomass yields of local alga Chlamydomonas debaryana in swine wastewater. The results were fitted with a quadratic equation (R 2 = 0.9706). The factors of temperature, light duration, the interaction of light intensity-light duration, and the quadratic effect of temperature were statistically significant. When evaluating different scenarios for the sustainable production of algal biomass and biofuels in North Carolina, US, it showed that: (a) Growing C. debaryana in a 10-acre pond on swine wastewater under local weather conditions would yield algal biomass of 113 tonnes/year; (b) If all swine wastewater generated in North Carolina was treated with algae, it will require 137–485 acres of ponds, yielding biomass of 5048–10,468 tonnes/year and algal oil of 1010–2094 tonnes/year. Annually, hundreds of tonnes of nitrogen and phosphorus could be removed from swine wastewater. The required area is mainly dependent on the growth rate of algal species.

Suggested Citation

  • Bo Zhang & Lijun Wang & Bilal A. Riddicka & Rui Li & Justin R. Able & Nana Abayie Boakye-Boaten & Abolghasem Shahbazi, 2016. "Sustainable Production of Algal Biomass and Biofuels Using Swine Wastewater in North Carolina, US," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 8(5), pages 1-12, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:8:y:2016:i:5:p:477-:d:70090
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Aillery, Marcel P. & Gollehon, Noel R. & Johansson, Robert C. & Kaplan, Jonathan D. & Key, Nigel D. & Ribaudo, Marc, 2005. "Managing Manure To Improve Air And Water Quality," Economic Research Report 33593, United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service.
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    Cited by:

    1. Qiming Wang & Tao Zhang & Xinyue He & Rongfeng Jiang, 2017. "Assessment of Phosphorus Recovery from Swine Wastewater in Beijing, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(10), pages 1-14, October.
    2. Arkadiusz Piwowar & Joanna Harasym, 2020. "The Importance and Prospects of the Use of Algae in Agribusiness," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(14), pages 1-13, July.
    3. Joseph Christian Utomo & Young Mo Kim & Hyun Uk Cho & Jong Moon Park, 2020. "Evaluation of Scenedesmus rubescens for Lipid Production from Swine Wastewater Blended with Municipal Wastewater," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(18), pages 1-11, September.
    4. Bahare Salehi & Lijun Wang, 2022. "Critical Review on Nanomaterials for Enhancing Bioconversion and Bioremediation of Agricultural Wastes and Wastewater," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(15), pages 1-21, July.
    5. María J. López-Serrano & Juan F. Velasco-Muñoz & José A. Aznar-Sánchez & Isabel M. Román-Sánchez, 2020. "Sustainable Use of Wastewater in Agriculture: A Bibliometric Analysis of Worldwide Research," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(21), pages 1-20, October.

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