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An AI-Based Evaluation Framework for Smart Building Integration into Smart City

Author

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  • Mustafa Muthanna Najm Shahrabani

    (Faculty of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Kaunas University of Technology, Studentų Str. 48, LT-51367 Kaunas, Lithuania)

  • Rasa Apanaviciene

    (Faculty of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Kaunas University of Technology, Studentų Str. 48, LT-51367 Kaunas, Lithuania)

Abstract

The integration of smart buildings (SBs) into smart cities (SCs) is critical to urban development, with the potential to improve SCs’ performance. Artificial intelligence (AI) applications have emerged as a promising tool to enhance SB and SC development. The authors apply an AI-based methodology, particularly Large Language Models of OpenAI ChatGPT-3 and Google Bard as AI experts, to uniquely evaluate 26 criteria that represent SB services across five SC infrastructure domains (energy, mobility, water, waste management, and security), emphasizing their contributions to the integration of SB into SC and quantifying their impact on the efficiency, resilience, and environmental sustainability of SC. The framework was then validated through two rounds of the Delphi method, leveraging human expert knowledge and an iterative consensus-building process. The framework’s efficiency in analyzing complicated information and generating important insights is demonstrated via five case studies. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the effects of SB services on SC infrastructure domains, highlighting the intricate nature of SC, as well as revealing areas that require further integration to realize the SC performance objectives.

Suggested Citation

  • Mustafa Muthanna Najm Shahrabani & Rasa Apanaviciene, 2024. "An AI-Based Evaluation Framework for Smart Building Integration into Smart City," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(18), pages 1-35, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:16:y:2024:i:18:p:8032-:d:1477864
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Tarek Hatem Al-Rimawi & Michael Nadler, 2023. "Evaluating Cities and Real Estate Smartness and Integration: Introducing a Comprehensive Evaluation Framework," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(12), pages 1-31, June.
    2. Wojciech Kozlowski & Kacper Suwar, 2021. "Smart City: Definitions, Dimensions, and Initiatives," European Research Studies Journal, European Research Studies Journal, vol. 0(Special 3), pages 509-520.
    3. Rasa Apanaviciene & Rokas Urbonas & Paris A. Fokaides, 2020. "Smart Building Integration into a Smart City: Comparative Study of Real Estate Development," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(22), pages 1-22, November.
    4. Ding, Bing & Li, Zening & Li, Zhengmao & Xue, Yixun & Chang, Xinyue & Su, Jia & Jin, Xiaolong & Sun, Hongbin, 2024. "A CCP-based distributed cooperative operation strategy for multi-agent energy systems integrated with wind, solar, and buildings," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 365(C).
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