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Occupant-Detection-Based Individual Control of Four-Way Air Conditioner for Sustainable Building Energy Management

Author

Listed:
  • Joon-Hee Ham

    (Department of Architectural Engineering, INHA University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea)

  • Bum-Soo Kim

    (Department of Architectural Engineering, INHA University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea)

  • In-Woo Bae

    (Department of Architectural Engineering, INHA University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea)

  • Jaewan Joe

    (Department of Architectural Engineering, INHA University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
    Department of Smart City Engineering, INHA University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea)

Abstract

In this study, individual control of a four-way air conditioner was developed based on the distribution of occupants to prevent unnecessary energy consumption during room-wide control. An occupancy detection algorithm was created in Python using YOLOv5 object recognition technology to identify the occupants’ distribution in space. Recorded video data were used to test the algorithm. A simulation case study for a building energy model was conducted, assuming that this algorithm was applied using surveillance cameras in commercial buildings, such as cafés and restaurants. A grey-box model was established based on measurements in a thermal zone, dividing one space into two zones. The temperature data for the two zones were collected by individually turning on the air conditioner for each zone in turns for a specific period. Manual closure was applied to each supply blade using a tape to provide cooling to the target zone. Finally, through energy simulations, the decreased rates in energy consumption between the proposed individual control and existing room-wide controls were compared. Different scenarios for the occupants’ schedules were considered, and average rates in energy savings of 21–22% were observed, demonstrating the significance of individual control in terms of energy consumption. However, marginal comfort violations were observed, which is inevitable. The developed control method is expected to contribute to sustainable energy management in buildings.

Suggested Citation

  • Joon-Hee Ham & Bum-Soo Kim & In-Woo Bae & Jaewan Joe, 2024. "Occupant-Detection-Based Individual Control of Four-Way Air Conditioner for Sustainable Building Energy Management," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(17), pages 1-14, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:16:y:2024:i:17:p:7404-:d:1465568
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Joe, Jaewan & Karava, Panagiota, 2019. "A model predictive control strategy to optimize the performance of radiant floor heating and cooling systems in office buildings," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 245(C), pages 65-77.
    2. Li, Yanfei & O'Neill, Zheng & Zhang, Liang & Chen, Jianli & Im, Piljae & DeGraw, Jason, 2021. "Grey-box modeling and application for building energy simulations - A critical review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 146(C).
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