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Effects of Pre-Turbocharger Turbine Water Injection on the Sustainable Performance of Spark Ignition Engine

Author

Listed:
  • Ibham Veza

    (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar 32610, Malaysia)

  • Ling Chee Huat

    (Automotive Development Centre, Institute for Vehicle Systems and Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru 81310, Malaysia)

  • Mohd Azman Abas

    (Automotive Development Centre, Institute for Vehicle Systems and Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru 81310, Malaysia)

  • Muhammad Idris

    (School of Environmental Science, University of Indonesia, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia)

  • Martin Spraggon

    (Research & Innovation Center Division, Rabdan Academy, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 114646, United Arab Emirates)

  • Safarudin G. Herawan

    (Industrial Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Bina Nusantara University, Jakarta 11480, Indonesia)

Abstract

Water injection strategy is considered a promising technique to improve the performance of boosted engine and reduce the NOx emission via the latent heat of water vaporization. Numerous research on water injection has been conducted on in-cylinder and intake port water injection. However, the water injection focusing on the spark ignition (SI) engine exhaust system is still lacking. This study proposed a pre-turbocharger turbine water injection (PTWI) concept to reduce the turbine inlet temperature. This was done so that the stoichiometric engine operation could be achieved at a medium–high load and engine speed without resorting to a fuel enrichment strategy to reduce the exhaust gas temperature. This study aims to investigate the effect of injecting water into the exhaust gas at the pre-turbine of a turbocharged spark ignition engine. This study experimented on a 1.3-L 4-cylinder turbocharged engine to collect engine data for computational fluid dynamics (CFD) baseline model validation. A one-dimensional engine model was then developed based on the 1.6-L 4-cylinder turbocharged engine experiment using AVL BOOST software. The CFD model was used to investigate the effects of water injection pressure, pipe diameter, and water injector location. The CFD results showed that a 50 mm connecting pipe with 4 bar of injection pressure gives the largest reduction in exhaust temperature. The CFD results were then applied to the one-dimensional engine model. The engine model simulation results showed that the fuel consumption could be reduced up to 13% at 4000 rpm during wide-open throttle and 75% engine load. The PTWI is a new approach, but this study has proved the potential of using water injection at the pre-turbine turbocharger to reduce the fuel consumption of a turbocharged SI engine.

Suggested Citation

  • Ibham Veza & Ling Chee Huat & Mohd Azman Abas & Muhammad Idris & Martin Spraggon & Safarudin G. Herawan, 2023. "Effects of Pre-Turbocharger Turbine Water Injection on the Sustainable Performance of Spark Ignition Engine," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(5), pages 1-36, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:5:p:4559-:d:1086998
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. De Cuyper, Thomas & Demuynck, Joachim & Broekaert, Stijn & De Paepe, Michel & Verhelst, Sebastian, 2016. "Heat transfer in premixed spark ignition engines part II: Systematic analysis of the heat transfer phenomena," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 116(P1), pages 851-860.
    2. Bozza, Fabio & De Bellis, Vincenzo & Teodosio, Luigi, 2016. "Potentials of cooled EGR and water injection for knock resistance and fuel consumption improvements of gasoline engines," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 169(C), pages 112-125.
    3. Broekaert, Stijn & Demuynck, Joachim & De Cuyper, Thomas & De Paepe, Michel & Verhelst, Sebastian, 2016. "Heat transfer in premixed spark ignition engines part I: Identification of the factors influencing heat transfer," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 116(P1), pages 380-391.
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