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The Urban Heat Island Analysis for the City of Zagreb in the Period 2013–2022 Utilizing Landsat 8 Satellite Imagery

Author

Listed:
  • Ante Seletković

    (Institute of Forest Inventory and Management, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia)

  • Martina Kičić

    (Department for International Scientific Cooperation in Southeast Europe—EFISEE, Croatian Forest Research Institute, 10450 Jastrebarsko, Croatia)

  • Mario Ančić

    (Institute of Forest Inventory and Management, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia)

  • Jelena Kolić

    (Institute of Forest Inventory and Management, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia)

  • Renata Pernar

    (Institute of Forest Inventory and Management, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia)

Abstract

Urban Heat Island (UHI) is a phenomenon specific to urban areas where higher air temperatures manifest in the city area in relation to its surrounding rural landscape. Currently, UHI is one of the most dangerous environmental conditions for cities as well as their residents. It is expected that the intensity of UHI will increase with climate change. This work presents an analysis of the UHI phenomenon for the City of Zagreb, Croatia in the summertime period 2013–2022. In order to explore UHI, Land Surface Temperature (LST) was calculated using Landsat 8 (OLI TIRS sensor) satellite imagery. After the delineation of UHI, calculated temperatures were put in relation to NDVI (Normalised Difference Vegetation Index) and NDBI (Normalised Difference Built-Up Index) indices for the study area. Results show the similarity of mean temperatures over the observed period. However, the influence of external variables on UHI’s spatial expression was observed. Forest-covered areas and other green parts of the city’s infrastructure express the lowest temperatures, while built-up sites are the hottest points in cities. Results confirm the importance of urban green infrastructure for resilient cities and present the results of a long-term UHI observation in a Southeast European city.

Suggested Citation

  • Ante Seletković & Martina Kičić & Mario Ančić & Jelena Kolić & Renata Pernar, 2023. "The Urban Heat Island Analysis for the City of Zagreb in the Period 2013–2022 Utilizing Landsat 8 Satellite Imagery," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(5), pages 1-13, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:5:p:3963-:d:1076381
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Jing Kong & Yongling Zhao & Jan Carmeliet & Chengwang Lei, 2021. "Urban Heat Island and Its Interaction with Heatwaves: A Review of Studies on Mesoscale," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(19), pages 1-26, September.
    2. Kim, Se Woong & Brown, Robert D., 2021. "Urban heat island (UHI) variations within a city boundary: A systematic literature review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 148(C).
    3. Pauline Schmidt & Bryce T. Lawrence, 2022. "Association between Land Surface Temperature and Green Volume in Bochum, Germany," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-20, November.
    4. Marando, Federica & Salvatori, Elisabetta & Sebastiani, Alessandro & Fusaro, Lina & Manes, Fausto, 2019. "Regulating Ecosystem Services and Green Infrastructure: assessment of Urban Heat Island effect mitigation in the municipality of Rome, Italy," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 392(C), pages 92-102.
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