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Challenges to Female Engineers’ Employment in the Conservative and Unstable Society of Taiz State, Yemen: A Survey Study

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  • Halah Abdalnour

    (Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, Taiz University, Taiz 6803, Yemen
    Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, Al Janad University for Science and Technology, Taiz 6803, Yemen)

  • Laila Abdulkhaliq

    (Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, Taiz University, Taiz 6803, Yemen
    Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, Al Janad University for Science and Technology, Taiz 6803, Yemen)

  • Atef M. Ghaleb

    (Department of Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia)

  • Mokhtar Ali Amrani

    (Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, Taiz University, Taiz 6803, Yemen
    Department of Renewable Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Philadelphia University, Amman 19392, Jordan)

  • Fahd Alduais

    (Department of Accounting, Faculty of Business, Philadelphia University, Amman 19392, Jordan)

Abstract

Typically, the underrepresentation of female engineers in education, employment, and leadership is a worldwide social issue. The present study investigates the critical employment challenges and barriers for female engineers in Yemeni’s unstable, conservative, and poor society. The quantitative methodology was based on two constructed questionnaires targeting female engineering graduates from 2012 to 2021 at Taiz University and executive HR managers. The results indicated that the ongoing civil war, employability attributes, personal attitudes, low wages, the conservative society, and marriage–family beliefs are the most apparent barriers to female engineers’ employment in Yemen. Nearly 40% of female engineers are frustrated with not having a job, almost the same percentage stopped seeking a job, and about two-thirds did not register with government employment offices. This study prompts engineering colleges to frequently update their programs to cope with rapid developments and to include employability courses in their curricula. Furthermore, this study advises female engineers to consult experts before enrolling in engineering programs and to practice training and employability skills immediately after graduation. We want to encourage such social studies in Yemen that are concerned with female issues to underpin their participation in society and to make use of unutilized resources.

Suggested Citation

  • Halah Abdalnour & Laila Abdulkhaliq & Atef M. Ghaleb & Mokhtar Ali Amrani & Fahd Alduais, 2023. "Challenges to Female Engineers’ Employment in the Conservative and Unstable Society of Taiz State, Yemen: A Survey Study," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(20), pages 1-23, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:20:p:14919-:d:1260744
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Abdel Latif Sellami & Abdulla Al-Ali & Amani Allouh & Saleh Alhazbi, 2023. "Student Attitudes and Interests in STEM in Qatar through the Lens of the Social Cognitive Theory," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-16, May.
    2. Lu Xin & Fangcheng Tang & Mengyi Li & Wenxia Zhou, 2020. "From School to Work: Improving Graduates’ Career Decision-Making Self-Efficacy," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(3), pages 1-16, January.
    3. Eunju Jung & Ja Young Eunice Kim, 2020. "Women in Engineering: Almost No Gap at University but a Long Way to Go for Sustaining Careers," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(20), pages 1-20, October.
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