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Frequency Stability Enhancement Using Differential-Evolution- and Genetic-Algorithm-Optimized Intelligent Controllers in Multiple Virtual Synchronous Machine Systems

Author

Listed:
  • Solomon Feleke

    (Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Debre Berhan University, Debre Berhan 445, Ethiopia)

  • Balamurali Pydi

    (Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, Aditya Institute of Technology & Management (A), Tekkali 532201, AP, India)

  • Raavi Satish

    (Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, Anil Neerukonda Institute of Technology and Science (A), Visakhapatnam 531162, AP, India)

  • Hossam Kotb

    (Department of Electrical Power and Machines, Faculty of Engineering, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21544, Egypt)

  • Mohammed Alenezi

    (Wolfson Centre for Magnetics, School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF24 3AA, Wales, UK)

  • Mokhtar Shouran

    (Engineering and Information Technology Research Center (EITRC), Bani Walid, Libya
    Department of Control Engineering, College of Electronics Technology, Bani Walid, Libya)

Abstract

In this paper, multiple virtual synchronous machines ( VISMAs ) with fuzzy proportional integral derivative (FPID) controllers optimized by differential evolution (DE) are proposed to maintain frequency stability in the grid in the presence of renewable penetration, such as wind and solar photovoltaic (PV) systems, residential loads, and industrial loads, by reducing the area control error in the objective function. Simulations are conducted using MATLAB/Simulink, and in the optimization process, the integral of the time-weighted absolute error ( ITAE ) is used as the objective function. In the work to obtain optimized values of renewable energy sources (RESs), fuzzy membership functions, controller gain parameters, and loads for system modeling, differential evolution and genetic algorithm (GA) methods are applied and the results were compared. It was shown that better results were achieved while FPID controllers were optimized by DE in the presence of multiple VISMAs than DE in the presence of single VISMAs and GA in multiple VISMAs . Moreover, the study is compared to integral control methods in which, compared to all controllers, the proposed controller reduces undershoot by 0.0674 Hz more than a single VISMAs , in which it is improved approximately by 97.82%. Similarly, the proposed controller improves the system settling time, rise time, and overshoot by more than 99.5% compared to the classical integral controller. To examine the robust operation of the system under the proposed controller, the system was run under a wide range of disturbances and uncertainties using random load perturbation of ± 20%, in which the proposed controller retains the system frequency by reducing or damping the system oscillation.

Suggested Citation

  • Solomon Feleke & Balamurali Pydi & Raavi Satish & Hossam Kotb & Mohammed Alenezi & Mokhtar Shouran, 2023. "Frequency Stability Enhancement Using Differential-Evolution- and Genetic-Algorithm-Optimized Intelligent Controllers in Multiple Virtual Synchronous Machine Systems," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(18), pages 1-18, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:18:p:13892-:d:1242678
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Gaber Magdy & Abualkasim Bakeer & Morsy Nour & Eduard Petlenkov, 2020. "A New Virtual Synchronous Generator Design Based on the SMES System for Frequency Stability of Low-Inertia Power Grids," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(21), pages 1-17, October.
    2. Guanfeng Zhang & Junyou Yang & Haixin Wang & Jia Cui, 2020. "Presynchronous Grid-Connection Strategy of Virtual Synchronous Generator Based on Virtual Impedance," Mathematical Problems in Engineering, Hindawi, vol. 2020, pages 1-9, November.
    3. Huiyu Miao & Fei Mei & Yun Yang & Hongfei Chen & Jianyong Zheng, 2019. "A Comprehensive VSM Control Strategy Designed for Unbalanced Grids," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(6), pages 1-17, March.
    4. Solomon Feleke & Raavi Satish & Balamurali Pydi & Degarege Anteneh & Almoataz Y. Abdelaziz & Adel El-Shahat, 2023. "Damping of Frequency and Power System Oscillations with DFIG Wind Turbine and DE Optimization," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(6), pages 1-19, March.
    5. Wenju Sang & Wenyong Guo & Shaotao Dai & Chenyu Tian & Suhang Yu & Yuping Teng, 2022. "Virtual Synchronous Generator, a Comprehensive Overview," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(17), pages 1-29, August.
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    1. Xiaoqing Wang & Xin Du & Haiyun Wang & Sizhe Yan & Tianyuan Fan, 2024. "Research on Coordinated Optimization of Source-Load-Storage Considering Renewable Energy and Load Similarity," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(6), pages 1-16, March.

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