IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v15y2023i15p12097-d1212381.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

The Effect of Lowering Indoor Air Temperature on the Reduction in Energy Consumption and CO 2 Emission in Multifamily Buildings in Poland

Author

Listed:
  • Paweł Szałański

    (Department of Air Conditioning, Heating, Gas Engineering, and Air Protection, Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland)

  • Piotr Kowalski

    (Department of Air Conditioning, Heating, Gas Engineering, and Air Protection, Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland)

  • Wojciech Cepiński

    (Department of Air Conditioning, Heating, Gas Engineering, and Air Protection, Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland)

  • Piotr Kęskiewicz

    (Department of Air Conditioning, Heating, Gas Engineering, and Air Protection, Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland)

Abstract

This article analyzes the possibility of reducing the energy consumption from building heating as a result of lowering the indoor air temperature, which is recommended as a response to the energy crisis. Various values of the set-point temperature (16–22 °C), as well as different scenarios for their changes, were assumed for analysis. Changes in clothing that were determined to maintain the same level of thermal comfort after a temperature change were determined. The associated reduction in CO 2 emissions emitted into the atmosphere was determined. The effect of reducing CO 2 emissions was studied depending on the type of heating source. Simulation calculations were carried out for an exemplary multifamily building. The effect of different building insulations required in Poland over the years 1964–2022 was considered. Analyses were performed for the climatic conditions of cities located in different climatic zones of Poland: Koszalin, Wroclaw, Warsaw, Bialystok, Suwalki. Depending on the scenario, the insulation standard of the building, and the variant of location, the energy reduction achieved ranges from 6.6%/K to 13.2%/K. Taking into account the type of heating source, the reduction in CO 2 emissions is from 0.7 to 7.5 kgCO 2 /(K·m 2 ). The reduction in temperature by 1 or 2 K can be compensated for by wearing an additional sleeveless vest (0.12 clo) or sweater (0.28 clo).

Suggested Citation

  • Paweł Szałański & Piotr Kowalski & Wojciech Cepiński & Piotr Kęskiewicz, 2023. "The Effect of Lowering Indoor Air Temperature on the Reduction in Energy Consumption and CO 2 Emission in Multifamily Buildings in Poland," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(15), pages 1-19, August.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:15:p:12097-:d:1212381
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/15/12097/pdf
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/15/12097/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Dudkiewicz, Edyta & Fidorów-Kaprawy, Natalia, 2017. "The energy analysis of a hybrid hot tap water preparation system based on renewable and waste sources," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 127(C), pages 198-208.
    2. João Delgado & Ana Mafalda Matos & Ana Sofia Guimarães, 2022. "Linking Indoor Thermal Comfort with Climate, Energy, Housing, and Living Conditions: Portuguese Case in European Context," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(16), pages 1-22, August.
    3. Łukasz Amanowicz & Katarzyna Ratajczak & Edyta Dudkiewicz, 2023. "Recent Advancements in Ventilation Systems Used to Decrease Energy Consumption in Buildings—Literature Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(4), pages 1-39, February.
    4. Edyta Dudkiewicz & Natalia Fidorów-Kaprawy & Paweł Szałański, 2022. "Environmental Benefits and Energy Savings from Gas Radiant Heaters’ Flue-Gas Heat Recovery," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(13), pages 1-16, June.
    5. Halil Alibaba, 2016. "Determination of Optimum Window to External Wall Ratio for Offices in a Hot and Humid Climate," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 8(2), pages 1-21, February.
    6. Edyta Dudkiewicz & Marta Laska & Natalia Fidorów-Kaprawy, 2021. "Users’ Sensations in the Context of Energy Efficiency Maintenance in Public Utility Buildings," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(23), pages 1-24, December.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Sabina Kordana-Obuch & Michał Wojtoń & Mariusz Starzec & Beata Piotrowska, 2023. "Opportunities and Challenges for Research on Heat Recovery from Wastewater: Bibliometric and Strategic Analyses," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(17), pages 1-36, September.
    2. Beata Piotrowska & Daniel Słyś, 2023. "Analysis of the Life Cycle Cost of a Heat Recovery System from Greywater Using a Vertical “Tube-in-Tube” Heat Exchanger: Case Study of Poland," Resources, MDPI, vol. 12(9), pages 1-17, August.
    3. Piotr Michalak, 2023. "Simulation and Experimental Study on the Use of Ventilation Air for Space Heating of a Room in a Low-Energy Building," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(8), pages 1-17, April.
    4. Dawid Czajor & Łukasz Amanowicz, 2024. "Methodology for Modernizing Local Gas-Fired District Heating Systems into a Central District Heating System Using Gas-Fired Cogeneration Engines—A Case Study," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(4), pages 1-30, February.
    5. Mamdooh Alwetaishi & Omrane Benjeddou, 2021. "Impact of Window to Wall Ratio on Energy Loads in Hot Regions: A Study of Building Energy Performance," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-15, February.
    6. Silvia Cesari & Paolo Valdiserri & Maddalena Coccagna & Sante Mazzacane, 2020. "The Energy Saving Potential of Wide Windows in Hospital Patient Rooms, Optimizing the Type of Glazing and Lighting Control Strategy under Different Climatic Conditions," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(8), pages 1-24, April.
    7. Katarina Bäcklund & Marco Molinari & Per Lundqvist & Björn Palm, 2023. "Building Occupants, Their Behavior and the Resulting Impact on Energy Use in Campus Buildings: A Literature Review with Focus on Smart Building Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(17), pages 1-21, August.
    8. Mariusz Starzec & Sabina Kordana-Obuch, 2024. "Evaluating the Utility of Selected Machine Learning Models for Predicting Stormwater Levels in Small Streams," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(2), pages 1-29, January.
    9. Łukasz Amanowicz, 2021. "Peak Power of Heat Source for Domestic Hot Water Preparation (DHW) for Residential Estate in Poland as a Representative Case Study for the Climate of Central Europe," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(23), pages 1-15, December.
    10. Aleksejs Prozuments & Anatolijs Borodinecs & Guna Bebre & Diana Bajare, 2023. "A Review on Trombe Wall Technology Feasibility and Applications," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(5), pages 1-15, February.
    11. Orest Voznyak & Nadiia Spodyniuk & Ievgen Antypov & Edyta Dudkiewicz & Mariana Kasynets & Olena Savchenko & Svitlana Tarasenko, 2023. "Efficiency Improvement of Eco-Friendly Solar Heat Supply System as a Building Coating," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-18, February.
    12. Yorgos Spanodimitriou & Giovanni Ciampi & Michelangelo Scorpio & Niloufar Mokhtari & Ainoor Teimoorzadeh & Roberta Laffi & Sergio Sibilio, 2022. "Passive Strategies for Building Retrofitting: Performances Analysis and Incentive Policies for the Iranian Scenario," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(5), pages 1-22, February.
    13. Krzysztof Grygierek & Joanna Ferdyn-Grygierek & Anna Gumińska & Łukasz Baran & Magdalena Barwa & Kamila Czerw & Paulina Gowik & Klaudia Makselan & Klaudia Potyka & Agnes Psikuta, 2020. "Energy and Environmental Analysis of Single-Family Houses Located in Poland," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-25, May.
    14. Katarzyna Ratajczak & Edward Szczechowiak & Aneta Pobudkowska, 2023. "Energy-Saving Scenarios of an Existing Swimming Pool with the Use of Simple In Situ Measurement," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(16), pages 1-25, August.
    15. Edyta Dudkiewicz & Natalia Fidorów-Kaprawy & Paweł Szałański, 2022. "Environmental Benefits and Energy Savings from Gas Radiant Heaters’ Flue-Gas Heat Recovery," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(13), pages 1-16, June.
    16. Łukasz Amanowicz & Janusz Wojtkowiak, 2021. "Comparison of Single- and Multipipe Earth-to-Air Heat Exchangers in Terms of Energy Gains and Electricity Consumption: A Case Study for the Temperate Climate of Central Europe," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(24), pages 1-28, December.
    17. Mushk Bughio & Thorsten Schuetze & Waqas Ahmed Mahar, 2020. "Comparative Analysis of Indoor Environmental Quality of Architectural Campus Buildings’ Lecture Halls and its’ Perception by Building Users, in Karachi, Pakistan," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(7), pages 1-29, April.
    18. Hardi K. Abdullah & Halil Z. Alibaba, 2020. "Window Design of Naturally Ventilated Offices in the Mediterranean Climate in Terms of CO 2 and Thermal Comfort Performance," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(2), pages 1-33, January.
    19. Adrian Pitts, 2017. "Passive House and Low Energy Buildings: Barriers and Opportunities for Future Development within UK Practice," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(2), pages 1-26, February.
    20. Katarzyna Ratajczak & Łukasz Amanowicz & Katarzyna Pałaszyńska & Filip Pawlak & Joanna Sinacka, 2023. "Recent Achievements in Research on Thermal Comfort and Ventilation in the Aspect of Providing People with Appropriate Conditions in Different Types of Buildings—Semi-Systematic Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(17), pages 1-55, August.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:15:p:12097-:d:1212381. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.