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Grid-Forming Inverter Control for Power Sharing in Microgrids Based on P / f and Q / V Droop Characteristics

Author

Listed:
  • Qusay Salem

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, Princess Sumaya University for Technology, Amman P.O. Box 1438, Jordan)

  • Rafat Aljarrah

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, Princess Sumaya University for Technology, Amman P.O. Box 1438, Jordan)

  • Mazaher Karimi

    (School of Technology and Innovations, Electrical Engineering, University of Vaasa, 65200 Vaasa, Finland)

  • Ayman Al-Quraan

    (Department of Electrical Power Engineering, Yarmouk University, Irbid P.O. Box 566, Jordan)

Abstract

Grid-forming inverters are anticipated to be integrated more into future smart microgrids commencing the function of traditional power generators. The grid-forming inverter can generate a reference frequency and voltage itself without assistance from the main grid. This paper comprehensively investigates grid-forming inverter modelling and control methodology. A decentralized method employing an active power versus frequency P − f droop and a reactive power versus voltage Q − V droop is exploited to drive the operation of the grid-forming inverter. This decentralized method ensures balancing the supply and demand beside the power-sharing task between two or more inverters. The performance of the grid-forming inverter is examined by monitoring the frequency and RMS voltage of the inverter bus for three different periods of a varying PQ load. In addition, the performance of the resultant droop is compared with the assumed droop to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method. Finally, two grid-forming inverters equipped with the same droop characteristics are connected to a single load to observe the power-sharing concept among them. All simulations are implemented and executed using Matlab/Simulink version R2014b.

Suggested Citation

  • Qusay Salem & Rafat Aljarrah & Mazaher Karimi & Ayman Al-Quraan, 2023. "Grid-Forming Inverter Control for Power Sharing in Microgrids Based on P / f and Q / V Droop Characteristics," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(15), pages 1-15, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:15:p:11712-:d:1205692
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Ratnam, Kamala Sarojini & Palanisamy, K. & Yang, Guangya, 2020. "Future low-inertia power systems: Requirements, issues, and solutions - A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 124(C).
    2. Sara Anttila & Jéssica S. Döhler & Janaína G. Oliveira & Cecilia Boström, 2022. "Grid Forming Inverters: A Review of the State of the Art of Key Elements for Microgrid Operation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(15), pages 1-30, July.
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    Cited by:

    1. Shriram S. Rangarajan & E. Randolph Collins & Tomonobu Senjyu, 2024. "Grid Forming Inverter as an Advanced Smart Inverter for Augmented Ancillary Services in a Low Inertia and a Weak Grid System Towards Grid Modernization," Clean Technol., MDPI, vol. 6(3), pages 1-27, August.

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