IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v15y2023i11p8448-d1153329.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Effect of Hydrogen-Rich Syngas Direct Injection on Combustion and Emissions in a Combined Fuel Injection—Spark-Ignition Engine

Author

Listed:
  • Zhen Shang

    (Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China
    State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China)

  • Yao Sun

    (State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China)

  • Xiumin Yu

    (State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China)

  • Ling He

    (State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China)

  • Luquan Ren

    (Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China)

Abstract

To utilize the high efficiency of gasoline direct injection (GDI) and solve the high particulate number (PN) issue, hydrogen-rich syngas has been adopted as a favorable sustainable fuel. This paper compares and analyzes the effects of the injection configurations (GDI, gasoline port injection combined with GDI (PGDI), and gasoline port injection combined with hydrogen-rich syngas direct injection (PSDI)) and fuel properties on combustion and emissions in a spark-ignition engine. The operational points were fixed at 1800 rpm with a 15% throttle position, and the excess air ratio was 1.1. The conclusions show that PSDI gained the highest maximum brake thermal efficiency (BTE) at the MBT point, and the maximum BTE for GDI was only 94% of that for PSDI. PSDI’s CoV IMEP decreased by 22% compared with GDI’s CoV IMEP . CO and HC emissions were reduced by approximately 78% and 60% from GDI to PSDI among all the spark timings, respectively, while PSDI emitted the highest NO X emissions. As for particulate emissions, PSDI emitted the highest nucleation-mode PN, while GDI emitted the lowest. However, the accumulation-mode PN emitted from PSDI was approximately 52% of that from PGDI and 5% of that from GDI. This study demonstrates the benefits of PSDI for sustainability in vehicle engineering.

Suggested Citation

  • Zhen Shang & Yao Sun & Xiumin Yu & Ling He & Luquan Ren, 2023. "Effect of Hydrogen-Rich Syngas Direct Injection on Combustion and Emissions in a Combined Fuel Injection—Spark-Ignition Engine," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(11), pages 1-15, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:11:p:8448-:d:1153329
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/11/8448/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/11/8448/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Shi, Cheng & Chai, Sen & Di, Liming & Ji, Changwei & Ge, Yunshan & Wang, Huaiyu, 2023. "Combined experimental-numerical analysis of hydrogen as a combustion enhancer applied to wankel engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 263(PC).
    2. Zareei, Javad & Ghadamkheir, Kourosh & Farkhondeh, Seyed Alireza & Abed, Azher M. & Catalan Opulencia, Maria Jade & Nuñez Alvarez, José Ricardo, 2022. "Numerical investigation of hydrogen enriched natural gas effects on different characteristics of a SI engine with modified injection mechanism from port to direct injection," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 255(C).
    3. Zhang, Guo-Peng & Li, Guo-Xiu & Li, Hong-Meng & Lv, Jia-Cheng, 2022. "Effect of diluent gas on propagation and explosion characteristics of hydrogen-rich syngas laminar premixed flame," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 246(C).
    4. Huang, Yuhan & Hong, Guang & Huang, Ronghua, 2016. "Effect of injection timing on mixture formation and combustion in an ethanol direct injection plus gasoline port injection (EDI+GPI) engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 111(C), pages 92-103.
    5. Shang, Zhen & Yu, Xiumin & Ren, Lei & Wei, Guowu & Li, Guanting & Li, Decheng & Li, Yinan, 2020. "Comparative study on effects of injection mode on combustion and emission characteristics of a combined injection n-butanol/gasoline SI engine with hydrogen direct injection," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 213(C).
    6. He, Fengshuo & Li, Shuo & Yu, Xiumin & Du, Yaodong & Zuo, Xiongyinan & Dong, Wei & Sun, Ping & He, Ling, 2018. "Comparison study and synthetic evaluation of combined injection in a spark ignition engine with hydrogen-blended at lean burn condition," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 157(C), pages 1053-1062.
    7. Catapano, Francesco & Di Iorio, Silvana & Magno, Agnese & Vaglieco, Bianca Maria, 2022. "Effect of fuel quality on combustion evolution and particle emissions from PFI and GDI engines fueled with gasoline, ethanol and blend, with focus on 10–23 nm particles," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 239(PB).
    8. Bo Zhang & Huaiyu Wang & Shuofeng Wang, 2023. "Computational Investigation of Combustion, Performance, and Emissions of a Diesel-Hydrogen Dual-Fuel Engine," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-15, February.
    9. Chacartegui, R. & Sánchez, D. & Muñoz de Escalona, J.M. & Muñoz, A. & Sánchez, T., 2013. "Gas and steam combined cycles for low calorific syngas fuels utilisation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 101(C), pages 81-92.
    10. Heba Akasha & Omid Ghaffarpasand & Francis D. Pope, 2023. "Climate Change, Air Pollution and the Associated Burden of Disease in the Arabian Peninsula and Neighbouring Regions: A Critical Review of the Literature," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-20, February.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Ping Sun & Ze Liu & Wei Dong & Song Yang, 2019. "Comparative Study on the Effects of Ethanol Proportion on the Particle Numbers Emissions in a Combined Injection Engine," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(9), pages 1-18, May.
    2. Huang, Yuhan & Surawski, Nic C. & Zhuang, Yuan & Zhou, John L. & Hong, Guang, 2021. "Dual injection: An effective and efficient technology to use renewable fuels in spark ignition engines," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 143(C).
    3. Guanting Li & Xiumin Yu & Ping Sun & Decheng Li, 2020. "Study on the Effect of Second Injection Timing on the Engine Performances of a Gasoline/Hydrogen SI Engine with Split Hydrogen Direct Injecting," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(19), pages 1-14, October.
    4. Stančin, H. & Mikulčić, H. & Wang, X. & Duić, N., 2020. "A review on alternative fuels in future energy system," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 128(C).
    5. Jiang, Chenxu & Li, Zilong & Qian, Yong & Wang, Xiaole & Zhang, Yahui & Lu, Xingcai, 2018. "Influences of fuel injection strategies on combustion performance and regular/irregular emissions in a turbocharged gasoline direct injection engine: Commercial gasoline versus multi-components gasoli," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 157(C), pages 173-187.
    6. Shi, Weibo & Li, Zihang & Zhao, Zhe & Yu, Xiumin & Sun, Ping & Sang, Tao & Dong, Wei & Li, Ming, 2024. "A renewable clean energy application: Oxyhydrogen negative pressure inhalation for enhancing the combustion and emission characteristics of isopropanol/gasoline dual-fuel combined injection engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 290(C).
    7. Seifi, Mohammad Reza & Desideri, Umberto & Ghorbani, Zahra & Antonelli, Marco & Frigo, Stefano & Hassan-Beygi, Seyed Reza & Ghobadian, Barat, 2019. "Statistical evaluation of the effect of water percentage in water-diesel emulsion on the engine performance and exhaust emission parameters," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 180(C), pages 797-806.
    8. Shang, Zhen & Yu, Xiumin & Ren, Lei & Wei, Guowu & Li, Guanting & Li, Decheng & Li, Yinan, 2020. "Comparative study on effects of injection mode on combustion and emission characteristics of a combined injection n-butanol/gasoline SI engine with hydrogen direct injection," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 213(C).
    9. Bo Zhang & Huaiyu Wang & Shuofeng Wang, 2023. "Computational Investigation of Combustion, Performance, and Emissions of a Diesel-Hydrogen Dual-Fuel Engine," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-15, February.
    10. Shi, Cheng & Zhang, Zheng & Wang, Huaiyu & Wang, Jingyi & Cheng, Tengfei & Zhang, Liang, 2024. "Parametric analysis and optimization of the combustion process and pollutant performance for ammonia-diesel dual-fuel engines," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 296(C).
    11. Rong Huang & Jimin Ni & Pengli Qiao & Qiwei Wang & Xiuyong Shi & Qi Yin, 2023. "An Explainable Prediction Model for Aerodynamic Noise of an Engine Turbocharger Compressor Using an Ensemble Learning and Shapley Additive Explanations Approach," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(18), pages 1-22, September.
    12. Zhao, Haoran & Wang, Jinhua & Cai, Xiao & Dai, Hongchao & Liu, Xiao & Li, Gang & Huang, Zuohua, 2023. "On accelerative propagation of premixed hydrogen/air laminar and turbulent expanding flames," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 283(C).
    13. Fan, Baowei & Pan, Jianfeng & Yang, Wenming & Pan, Zhenhua & Bani, Stephen & Chen, Wei & He, Ren, 2017. "Combined effect of injection timing and injection angle on mixture formation and combustion process in a direct injection (DI) natural gas rotary engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 128(C), pages 519-530.
    14. Jufang Zhang & Xiumin Yu & Zezhou Guo & Yinan Li & Jiahua Zhang & Dongjie Liu, 2022. "Study on Combustion and Emissions of a Spark Ignition Engine with Gasoline Port Injection Plus Acetone–Butanol–Ethanol (ABE) Direct Injection under Different Speeds and Loads," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(19), pages 1-22, September.
    15. Qi, Beibei & Li, Haitao & Zhai, Fuer & Yu, Minggao & Wei, Chengcai, 2024. "Experimental and numerical study on the explosion characteristics of syngas under different venting conditions," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 290(C).
    16. Shen, Bo & Su, Yan & Yu, Hao & Zhang, Yulin & Lang, Maochun & Yang, He, 2023. "Experimental study on the effect of injection strategies on the combustion and emissions characteristic of gasoline/methanol dual-fuel turbocharged engine under high load," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 282(C).
    17. Feng, Dengquan & Wei, Haiqiao & Pan, Mingzhang & Zhou, Lei & Hua, Jianxiong, 2018. "Combustion performance of dual-injection using n-butanol direct-injection and gasoline port fuel-injection in a SI engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 160(C), pages 573-581.
    18. Kim, Young Sik & Park, Sung Ku & Lee, Jong Jun & Kang, Do Won & Kim, Tong Seop, 2013. "Analysis of the impact of gas turbine modifications in integrated gasification combined cycle power plants," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 55(C), pages 977-986.
    19. Gong, Changming & Li, Dong & Liu, Jiajun & Liu, Fenghua, 2024. "Computational study of excess air ratio impacts on performances of a spark-ignition H2/methanol dual-injection engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 289(C).
    20. Milad Ghorbanzadeh & Mohamad Issa & Adrian Ilinca, 2023. "Experimental Underperformance Detection of a Fixed-Speed Diesel–Electric Generator Based on Exhaust Gas Emissions," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(8), pages 1-15, April.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:11:p:8448-:d:1153329. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.