IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v14y2022i9p5093-d800467.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Sustainability Assessment of Municipal Solid Waste in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, in the Framework of Circular Economy Transition

Author

Listed:
  • Zaid M. Aldhafeeri

    (National Center for Environmental Technology, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia)

  • Hatem Alhazmi

    (National Center for Environmental Technology, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia)

Abstract

Life cycle assessment (LCA) tools can be used for the environmental assessment of municipal solid waste management (MSWM) systems. The present study aims to evaluate the impact of an MSWM system in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, under three different scenarios based on the Strategy for 2045 of Riyadh. The current scenario (S0) considers that municipal solid waste (MSW) is landfilled, scenario one (S1) considers waste to energy (WtE) as the main treatment while dry recyclables and organic waste collection schemes are introduced, and scenario two (S2) considers dry recyclables and organic waste collection schemes at the maximum level while the residual portion is treated as WtE. The system boundaries include MSW treatment and disposal by recycling, incineration, composting, and landfilling methods. The scenarios were compared using SimaPro 9.1.1.1 software, and the ReCiPe 2016 Midpoint (H) V1.04/World (2010) H method was used to assess global warming, ozone formation (human health), fine particulate matter formation, terrestrial acidification, freshwater eutrophication, mineral resource scarcity, and fossil resource scarcity. S0 was found to be the scenario with the least impact if considering just the waste treatment. However, S1 and S2 allow material and energy recovery that avoids the impact of obtaining primary resources. S1 and S2 reduced greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions by 55% and 58%, respectively, compared to S0. According to the SV2030, 2% of the electricity generated by the Kingdom would have to come from WtE, but based on the calculations, the maximum electricity from waste would be obtained with S1 fully implemented and would contribute a maximum of 1.51% to Saudi Arabia’s electricity demand. This study contributes by providing useful insights that could help decision-makers to understand the potential environmental impacts by assessing each step considered by the Strategy for 2045 for Riyadh along with the consequences on material and energy supply by using the material and energy potential of MSW.

Suggested Citation

  • Zaid M. Aldhafeeri & Hatem Alhazmi, 2022. "Sustainability Assessment of Municipal Solid Waste in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, in the Framework of Circular Economy Transition," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-18, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:9:p:5093-:d:800467
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/14/9/5093/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/14/9/5093/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Laith A. Hadidi & Ahmed Ghaithan & Awsan Mohammed & Khalaf Al-Ofi, 2020. "Deploying Municipal Solid Waste Management 3R-WTE Framework in Saudi Arabia: Challenges and Future," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(14), pages 1-18, July.
    2. da Silva Filho, Valdemar Francisco & Batistella, Luciane & Alves, José Luiz Francisco & da Silva, Jean Constantino Gomes & Althoff, Christine Albrecht & Moreira, Regina de Fátima Peralta Muniz & José,, 2019. "Evaluation of gaseous emissions from thermal conversion of a mixture of solid municipal waste and wood chips in a pilot-scale heat generator," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 141(C), pages 402-410.
    3. Güereca, Leonor Patricia & Gassó, Santiago & Baldasano, José María & Jiménez-Guerrero, Pedro, 2006. "Life cycle assessment of two biowaste management systems for Barcelona, Spain," Resources, Conservation & Recycling, Elsevier, vol. 49(1), pages 32-48.
    4. Javed Mallick, 2021. "Municipal Solid Waste Landfill Site Selection Based on Fuzzy-AHP and Geoinformation Techniques in Asir Region Saudi Arabia," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(3), pages 1-29, February.
    5. Bashar Bashir & Abdullah Alsalman & Arsalan Ahmed Othman & Ahmed K. Obaid & Hussein Bashir, 2021. "New Approach to Selecting Civil Defense Centers in Al-Riyadh City (KSA) Based on Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis and GIS," Land, MDPI, vol. 10(11), pages 1-19, October.
    6. Abdulwahab Almutairi, 2020. "Combined Nearest Greedy Algorithm With Randomized Iterated Greedy Algorithm to Solve Waste Collection Problem," International Journal of Statistics and Probability, Canadian Center of Science and Education, vol. 9(3), pages 1-66, May.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Abdulmajeed Almadhi & Abdelhakim Abdelhadi & Rakan Alyamani, 2023. "Moving from Linear to Circular Economy in Saudi Arabia: Life-Cycle Assessment on Plastic Waste Management," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(13), pages 1-22, July.
    2. Zakariya Kaneesamkandi & Abdul Sayeed, 2023. "Evaluation of Multi-Utility Models with Municipal Solid Waste Combustion as the Primary Source under Specific Geographical and Operating Conditions," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(15), pages 1-17, July.
    3. Maneechotiros Rotthong & Masaki Takaoka & Kazuyuki Oshita & Pichaya Rachdawong & Shabbir H. Gheewala & Trakarn Prapaspongsa, 2022. "Life Cycle Assessment of Integrated Municipal Organic Waste Management Systems in Thailand," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(1), pages 1-31, December.
    4. Oluwaseun Nubi & Stephen Morse & Richard J. Murphy, 2022. "Electricity Generation from Municipal Solid Waste in Nigeria: A Prospective LCA Study," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(15), pages 1-25, July.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Giovanni Biancini & Barbara Marchetti & Luca Cioccolanti & Matteo Moglie, 2022. "Comprehensive Life Cycle Assessment Analysis of an Italian Composting Facility concerning Environmental Footprint Minimization and Renewable Energy Integration," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(22), pages 1-21, November.
    2. Moraes, Carlos Alberto Mendes & Kieling, Amanda Gonçalves & Caetano, Marcelo Oliveira & Gomes, Luciana Paulo, 2010. "Life cycle analysis (LCA) for the incorporation of rice husk ash in mortar coating," Resources, Conservation & Recycling, Elsevier, vol. 54(12), pages 1170-1176.
    3. Dhafer Alqahtani & Javed Mallick & Abdulmohsen M. Alqahtani & Swapan Talukdar, 2024. "Optimizing Residential Construction Site Selection in Mountainous Regions Using Geospatial Data and eXplainable AI," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(10), pages 1-26, May.
    4. Gabriella Esposito De Vita & Cristina Visconti & Gantuya Ganbat & Marina Rigillo, 2023. "A Collaborative Approach for Triggering Environmental Awareness: The 3Rs for Sustainable Use of Natural Resources in Ulaanbaatar (3R4UB)," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(18), pages 1-24, September.
    5. Silva, Leo Jaymee de Vilas Boas da & Santos, Ivan Felipe Silva dos & Mensah, Johnson Herlich Roslee & Gonçalves, Andriani Tavares Tenório & Barros, Regina Mambeli, 2020. "Incineration of municipal solid waste in Brazil: An analysis of the economically viable energy potential," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 149(C), pages 1386-1394.
    6. Colón, Joan & Martínez-Blanco, Julia & Gabarrell, Xavier & Artola, Adriana & Sánchez, Antoni & Rieradevall, Joan & Font, Xavier, 2010. "Environmental assessment of home composting," Resources, Conservation & Recycling, Elsevier, vol. 54(11), pages 893-904.
    7. Ali Utku Akar & Sukran Yalpir & Suleyman Sisman & Gamze Goktepeli & Esra Yel, 2023. "A deterministic approach in waste management: delineation of potential territories in Turkey for industrial symbiosis of olive pomace, marble wastes and plastics by integrating Fuzzy AHP to GIS," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 25(6), pages 5635-5662, June.
    8. Tamilselvi, R. & Ramesh, M. & Lekshmi, G.S. & Bazaka, Olha & Levchenko, Igor & Bazaka, Kateryna & Mandhakini, M., 2020. "Graphene oxide – Based supercapacitors from agricultural wastes: A step to mass production of highly efficient electrodes for electrical transportation systems," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 151(C), pages 731-739.
    9. Yıldız-Geyhan, Eren & Yılan-Çiftçi, Gülşah & Altun-Çiftçioğlu, Gökçen Alev & Neşet Kadırgan, Mehmet Arif, 2016. "Environmental analysis of different packaging waste collection systems for Istanbul – Turkey case study," Resources, Conservation & Recycling, Elsevier, vol. 107(C), pages 27-37.
    10. Jun Li & Lixian Wang & Yong Chi & Zhaozhi Zhou & Yuanjun Tang & Hui Zhang, 2021. "Life Cycle Assessment of Advanced Circulating Fluidized Bed Municipal Solid Waste Incineration System from an Environmental and Exergetic Perspective," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(19), pages 1-16, October.
    11. Alina Elena Ionașcu & Shankha Shubhra Goswami & Alexandra Dănilă & Maria-Gabriela Horga & Corina Aurora Barbu & Adrian Şerban-Comǎnescu, 2024. "Analyzing Primary Sector Selection for Economic Activity in Romania: An Interval-Valued Fuzzy Multi-Criteria Approach," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 12(8), pages 1-38, April.
    12. Kasım Şimşek & Selçuk Alp, 2022. "Evaluation of Landfill Site Selection by Combining Fuzzy Tools in GIS-Based Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis: A Case Study in Diyarbakır, Turkey," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(16), pages 1-21, August.
    13. Torkayesh, Ali Ebadi & Rajaeifar, Mohammad Ali & Rostom, Madona & Malmir, Behnam & Yazdani, Morteza & Suh, Sangwon & Heidrich, Oliver, 2022. "Integrating life cycle assessment and multi criteria decision making for sustainable waste management: Key issues and recommendations for future studies," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 168(C).
    14. Ivana Carević & Mikica Sibinović & Sanja Manojlović & Natalija Batoćanin & Aleksandar S. Petrović & Tanja Srejić, 2021. "Geological Approach for Landfill Site Selection: A Case Study of Vršac Municipality, Serbia," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(14), pages 1-15, July.
    15. Badshah, Syed Lal & Shah, Zahir & Francisco Alves, José Luiz & Gomes da Silva, Jean Constantino & Iqbal, Arshad, 2021. "Pyrolysis of the freshwater macroalgae Spirogyra crassa: Evaluating its bioenergy potential using kinetic triplet and thermodynamic parameters," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 179(C), pages 1169-1178.
    16. Abdulaziz I. Almulhim & Ismaila Rimi Abubakar, 2021. "Understanding Public Environmental Awareness and Attitudes toward Circular Economy Transition in Saudi Arabia," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(18), pages 1-15, September.
    17. Natália Dadario & Luís Roberto Almeida Gabriel Filho & Camila Pires Cremasco & Felipe André dos Santos & Maria Cristina Rizk & Mario Mollo Neto, 2023. "Waste-to-Energy Recovery from Municipal Solid Waste: Global Scenario and Prospects of Mass Burning Technology in Brazil," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(6), pages 1-20, March.
    18. Jianghong Feng, 2022. "An integrated multi-criteria decision-making method for hazardous waste disposal site selection," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 24(6), pages 8039-8070, June.
    19. Ragab Rabeiy & Saud Almutairi & Ahmed Birima & Lamyaa Kassem & Ayman Nafady, 2023. "A Cross-Sectional Study of Knowledge, Practice, and Management of Solid Waste Segregation in Higher Educational Institutes: A Case Study in KSA," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(6), pages 1-16, March.
    20. Islam Abou El-Magd & Mohamed Attwa & Mohammed El Bastawesy & Ahmed Gad & Ahmed Henaish & Sara Zamzam, 2022. "Qualitative and Quantitative Characterization of Municipal Waste in Uncontrolled Dumpsites and Landfills Using Integrated Remote Sensing, Geological and Geophysical Data: A Case Study," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(8), pages 1-26, April.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:9:p:5093-:d:800467. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.