IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v14y2022i6p3233-d767771.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Slow Pyrolysis of Ulva lactuca (Chlorophyta) for Sustainable Production of Bio-Oil and Biochar

Author

Listed:
  • Apip Amrullah

    (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarmasin 70123, Indonesia)

  • Obie Farobie

    (Department of Mechanical and Biosystem Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), IPB Darmaga Campus, P.O. Box 220, Bogor 16002, Indonesia
    Surfactant and Bioenergy Research Center (SBRC), IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Bogor 16144, Indonesia)

  • Asep Bayu

    (Research Center for Biotechnology, Research Organization for Life Sciences, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jl. Raya Jakarta-Bogor KM 46 Cibinong, Bogor 16911, Indonesia)

  • Novi Syaftika

    (Center for Energy Resource and Chemical Industry Technology, Research Organization for Assessment and Application of Technology, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jakarta Pusat 10340, Indonesia)

  • Edy Hartulistiyoso

    (Department of Mechanical and Biosystem Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), IPB Darmaga Campus, P.O. Box 220, Bogor 16002, Indonesia
    Surfactant and Bioenergy Research Center (SBRC), IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Bogor 16144, Indonesia)

  • Navid R. Moheimani

    (Algae R&D Centre, Harry Butler Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia)

  • Surachai Karnjanakom

    (Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Rangsit University, Pathumthani 12000, Thailand)

  • Yukihiko Matsumura

    (Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan)

Abstract

Ulva Lactuca is a fast-growing algae that can be utilized as a bioenergy source. However, the direct utilization of U. lactuca for energy applications still remains challenging due to its high moisture and inorganics content. Therefore, thermochemical processing such as slow pyrolysis to produce valuable added products, namely bio-oil and biochar, is needed. This study aims to conduct a thorough investigation of bio-oil and biochar production from U. lactuca to provide valuable data for its further valorization. A slow pyrolysis of U. lactuca was conducted in a batch-type reactor at a temperature range of 400–600 °C and times of 10–50 min. The results showed that significant compounds obtained in U. lactuca ’s bio-oil are carboxylic acids (22.63–35.28%), phenolics (9.73–31.89%), amines/amides (15.33–23.31%), and N-aromatic compounds (14.04–15.68%). The ultimate analysis revealed that biochar’s H/C and O/C atomic ratios were lower than feedstock, confirming that dehydration and decarboxylation reactions occurred throughout the pyrolysis. Additionally, biochar exhibited calorific values in the range of 19.94–21.61 MJ kg −1 , which is potential to be used as a solid renewable fuel. The surface morphological analysis by scanning electron microscope (SEM) showed a larger surface area in U. lactuca ’s biochar than in the algal feedstock. Overall, this finding provides insight on the valorization of U. lactuca for value-added chemicals, i.e., biofuels and biochar, which can be further utilized for other applications.

Suggested Citation

  • Apip Amrullah & Obie Farobie & Asep Bayu & Novi Syaftika & Edy Hartulistiyoso & Navid R. Moheimani & Surachai Karnjanakom & Yukihiko Matsumura, 2022. "Slow Pyrolysis of Ulva lactuca (Chlorophyta) for Sustainable Production of Bio-Oil and Biochar," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(6), pages 1-14, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:6:p:3233-:d:767771
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/14/6/3233/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/14/6/3233/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Biswas, Bijoy & Arun Kumar, Aishwarya & Bisht, Yashasvi & Krishna, Bhavya B. & Kumar, Jitendra & Bhaskar, Thallada, 2021. "Role of temperatures and solvents on hydrothermal liquefaction of Azolla filiculoides," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 217(C).
    2. Aisha Nazir & Um-e- Laila & Firdaus-e- Bareen & Erum Hameed & Muhammad Shafiq, 2021. "Sustainable Management of Peanut Shell through Biochar and Its Application as Soil Ameliorant," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(24), pages 1-15, December.
    3. John J. Milledge & Benjamin Smith & Philip W. Dyer & Patricia Harvey, 2014. "Macroalgae-Derived Biofuel: A Review of Methods of Energy Extraction from Seaweed Biomass," Energies, MDPI, vol. 7(11), pages 1-29, November.
    4. Destek, Mehmet Akif & Sarkodie, Samuel Asumadu & Asamoah, Ernest Frimpong, 2020. "Does biomass energy drive environmental sustainability? An SDG perspective for top five biomass consuming countries," MPRA Paper 114218, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 29 Mar 2021.
    5. Brigljević, Boris & Liu, Jay J. & Lim, Hankwon, 2019. "Comprehensive feasibility assessment of a poly-generation process integrating fast pyrolysis of S. japonica and the Rankine cycle," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 254(C).
    6. Salimi, Pejman & Norouzi, Omid & Pourhoseini, S.E.M. & Bartocci, Pietro & Tavasoli, Ahmad & Di Maria, Francesco & Pirbazari, S.M. & Bidini, Gianni & Fantozzi, Francesco, 2019. "Magnetic biochar obtained through catalytic pyrolysis of macroalgae: A promising anode material for Li-ion batteries," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 140(C), pages 704-714.
    7. Hao, Jingyuan & Qi, Baojin & Li, Dong & Zeng, Feiya, 2021. "Catalytic co-pyrolysis of rice straw and ulva prolifera macroalgae: Effects of process parameter on bio-oil up-gradation," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 164(C), pages 460-471.
    8. Ly, Hoang Vu & Choi, Jae Hyung & Woo, Hee Chul & Kim, Seung-Soo & Kim, Jinsoo, 2019. "Upgrading bio-oil by catalytic fast pyrolysis of acid-washed Saccharina japonica alga in a fluidized-bed reactor," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 133(C), pages 11-22.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Andra Lovasz & Nicu Cornel Sabau & Ioana Borza & Radu Brejea, 2023. "Production and Quality of Biodiesel under the Influence of a Rapeseed Fertilization System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(9), pages 1-27, April.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Liu, J. Jay & Dickson, Rofice & Niaz, Haider & Van Hal, Jaap W. & Dijkstra, J.W. & Fasahati, Peyman, 2022. "Production of fuels and chemicals from macroalgal biomass: Current status, potentials, challenges, and prospects," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 169(C).
    2. Kouhgardi, Esmaeil & Zendehboudi, Sohrab & Mohammadzadeh, Omid & Lohi, Ali & Chatzis, Ioannis, 2023. "Current status and future prospects of biofuel production from brown algae in North America: Progress and challenges," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 172(C).
    3. Tran, Quoc Khanh & Ly, Hoang Vu & Kwon, Byeongwan & Kim, Seung-Soo & Kim, Jinsoo, 2021. "Catalytic hydrodeoxygenation of guaiacol as a model compound of woody bio-oil over Fe/AC and Ni/γ-Al2O3 catalysts," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 173(C), pages 886-895.
    4. Zane Vincevica-Gaile & Varvara Sachpazidou & Valdis Bisters & Maris Klavins & Olga Anne & Inga Grinfelde & Emil Hanc & William Hogland & Muhammad Asim Ibrahim & Yahya Jani & Mait Kriipsalu & Divya Pal, 2022. "Applying Macroalgal Biomass as an Energy Source: Utility of the Baltic Sea Beach Wrack for Thermochemical Conversion," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-18, October.
    5. Nassef, Ahmed M. & Olabi, A.G. & Rodriguez, Cristina & Abdelkareem, Mohammad Ali & Rezk, Hegazy, 2021. "Optimal operating parameter determination and modeling to enhance methane production from macroalgae," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 163(C), pages 2190-2197.
    6. A. G. Olabi & Khaled Obaideen & Mohammad Ali Abdelkareem & Maryam Nooman AlMallahi & Nabila Shehata & Abdul Hai Alami & Ayman Mdallal & Asma Ali Murah Hassan & Enas Taha Sayed, 2023. "Wind Energy Contribution to the Sustainable Development Goals: Case Study on London Array," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(5), pages 1-22, March.
    7. Adnan, Muflih A. & Hossain, Mohammad M. & Kibria, Md Golam, 2020. "Biomass upgrading to high-value chemicals via gasification and electrolysis: A thermodynamic analysis," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 162(C), pages 1367-1379.
    8. Li, Dong & Guo, Yanchuan & Li, Yi & Liu, Zhengang & Chen, Zeliang, 2022. "Waste-biomass tar functionalized carbon spheres with N/P Co-doping and hierarchical pores as sustainable low-cost energy storage materials," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 188(C), pages 61-69.
    9. Giuseppe Craparo & Elisa Isabel Cano Montero & Jesús Fernando Santos Peñalver, 2024. "Trends in the circular economy applied to the agricultural sector in the framework of the SDGs," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 26(10), pages 26699-26729, October.
    10. Ali, Shahid & Xiaohong, Zhou & Hassan, Syed Tauseef, 2024. "The hidden drivers of human development: Assessing its role in shaping BRICS-T's economics complexity, and bioenergy transition," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 221(C).
    11. Ansub Khan, Mohammad & Abbas, Abiha & Dickson, Rofice, 2023. "A strategy for commercialization of macroalga biorefineries," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 187(C).
    12. Craig Walker & Madoc Sheehan, 2022. "Drying Kinetics of Macroalgae as a Function of Drying Gas Velocity and Material Bulk Density, Including Shrinkage," Clean Technol., MDPI, vol. 4(3), pages 1-21, July.
    13. Kazemi Shariat Panahi, Hamed & Dehhaghi, Mona & Aghbashlo, Mortaza & Karimi, Keikhosro & Tabatabaei, Meisam, 2019. "Shifting fuel feedstock from oil wells to sea: Iran outlook and potential for biofuel production from brown macroalgae (ochrophyta; phaeophyceae)," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 112(C), pages 626-642.
    14. Madurai Elavarasan, Rajvikram & Pugazhendhi, Rishi & Irfan, Muhammad & Mihet-Popa, Lucian & Campana, Pietro Elia & Khan, Irfan Ahmad, 2022. "A novel Sustainable Development Goal 7 composite index as the paradigm for energy sustainability assessment: A case study from Europe," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 307(C).
    15. Waheed A. Rasaq & Mateusz Golonka & Miklas Scholz & Andrzej Białowiec, 2021. "Opportunities and Challenges of High-Pressure Fast Pyrolysis of Biomass: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(17), pages 1-20, August.
    16. De Corato, Ugo & De Bari, Isabella & Viola, Egidio & Pugliese, Massimo, 2018. "Assessing the main opportunities of integrated biorefining from agro-bioenergy co/by-products and agroindustrial residues into high-value added products associated to some emerging markets: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 88(C), pages 326-346.
    17. Narayanan, Mathiyazhagan, 2024. "Promising biorefinery products from marine macro and microalgal biomass: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 190(PB).
    18. Yu, Bo & Liu, Xueqing & Ji, Chao & Sun, Hua, 2023. "Greenhouse gas mitigation strategies and decision support for the utilization of agricultural waste systems: A case study of Jiangxi Province, China," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 265(C).
    19. Enrique Salgado-Hernández & Ángel Isauro Ortiz-Ceballos & Sergio Martínez-Hernández & Erik Samuel Rosas-Mendoza & Ana Elena Dorantes-Acosta & Andrea Alvarado-Vallejo & Alejandro Alvarado-Lassman, 2022. "Methane Production of Sargassum spp. Biomass from the Mexican Caribbean: Solid–Liquid Separation and Component Distribution," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(1), pages 1-13, December.
    20. John J. Milledge & Birthe V. Nielsen & Supattra Maneein & Patricia J. Harvey, 2019. "A Brief Review of Anaerobic Digestion of Algae for Bioenergy," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(6), pages 1-22, March.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:6:p:3233-:d:767771. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.