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Examining the Effects of Artificial Intelligence on Elementary Students’ Mathematics Achievement: A Meta-Analysis

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  • Sunghwan Hwang

    (Department of Mathematics Education, Seoul National University of Education, Seoul 06637, Korea)

Abstract

With the increasing attention to artificial intelligence (AI) in education, this study aims to examine the overall effectiveness of AI on elementary students’ mathematics achievement using a meta-analysis method. A total of 21 empirical studies with 30 independent samples published between January 2000 and June 2022 were used in the study. The study findings revealed that AI had a small effect size on elementary students’ mathematics achievement. The overall effect of AI was 0.351 under the random-effects model. The effect sizes of eight moderating variables, including three research characteristic variables (research type, research design, and sample size) and five opportunity-to-learn variables (mathematics learning topic, intervention duration, AI type, grade level, and organization), were examined. The findings of the study revealed that mathematics learning topic and grade level variables significantly moderate the effect of AI on mathematics achievement. However, the effects of other moderator variables were found to be not significant. This study also suggested practical and research implications based on the results.

Suggested Citation

  • Sunghwan Hwang, 2022. "Examining the Effects of Artificial Intelligence on Elementary Students’ Mathematics Achievement: A Meta-Analysis," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(20), pages 1-18, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:20:p:13185-:d:941974
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Sayed Fayaz Ahmad & Mohd. Khairil Rahmat & Muhammad Shujaat Mubarik & Muhammad Mansoor Alam & Syed Irfan Hyder, 2021. "Artificial Intelligence and Its Role in Education," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(22), pages 1-11, November.
    2. Seungsu Paek & Namhyoung Kim, 2021. "Analysis of Worldwide Research Trends on the Impact of Artificial Intelligence in Education," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(14), pages 1-20, July.
    3. Aras Bozkurt & Abdulkadir Karadeniz & David Baneres & Ana Elena Guerrero-Roldán & M. Elena Rodríguez, 2021. "Artificial Intelligence and Reflections from Educational Landscape: A Review of AI Studies in Half a Century," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(2), pages 1-16, January.
    4. United Nations UN, 2015. "Transforming our World: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development," Working Papers id:7559, eSocialSciences.
    5. Gwo-Jen Hwang & Yun-Fang Tu, 2021. "Roles and Research Trends of Artificial Intelligence in Mathematics Education: A Bibliometric Mapping Analysis and Systematic Review," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 9(6), pages 1-19, March.
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