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Artificial Intelligence and Reflections from Educational Landscape: A Review of AI Studies in Half a Century

Author

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  • Aras Bozkurt

    (Open Education Faculty, Anadolu University, 26470 Eskişehir, Turkey
    College of Human Sciences, University of South Africa (UNISA), Pretoria 0003, South Africa)

  • Abdulkadir Karadeniz

    (Open Education Faculty, Anadolu University, 26470 Eskişehir, Turkey
    eLearn Center, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, 08018 Barcelona, Spain)

  • David Baneres

    (eLearn Center, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, 08018 Barcelona, Spain
    Faculty of Computer Science, Multimedia and Telecommunications, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, 08018 Barcelona, Spain)

  • Ana Elena Guerrero-Roldán

    (eLearn Center, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, 08018 Barcelona, Spain
    Faculty of Computer Science, Multimedia and Telecommunications, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, 08018 Barcelona, Spain)

  • M. Elena Rodríguez

    (eLearn Center, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, 08018 Barcelona, Spain
    Faculty of Computer Science, Multimedia and Telecommunications, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, 08018 Barcelona, Spain)

Abstract

Artificial intelligence (AI) has penetrated every layer of our lives, and education is not immune to the effects of AI. In this regard, this study examines AI studies in education in half a century (1970–2020) through a systematic review approach and benefits from social network analysis and text-mining approaches. Accordingly, the research identifies three research clusters (1) artificial intelligence, (2) pedagogical, and (3) technological issues, and suggests five broad research themes which are (1) adaptive learning and personalization of education through AI-based practices, (2) deep learning and machine Learning algorithms for online learning processes, (3) Educational human-AI interaction, (4) educational use of AI-generated data, and (5) AI in higher education. The study also highlights that ethics in AI studies is an ignored research area.

Suggested Citation

  • Aras Bozkurt & Abdulkadir Karadeniz & David Baneres & Ana Elena Guerrero-Roldán & M. Elena Rodríguez, 2021. "Artificial Intelligence and Reflections from Educational Landscape: A Review of AI Studies in Half a Century," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(2), pages 1-16, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:2:p:800-:d:480888
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Antonio Hernández-Blanco & Boris Herrera-Flores & David Tomás & Borja Navarro-Colorado, 2019. "A Systematic Review of Deep Learning Approaches to Educational Data Mining," Complexity, Hindawi, vol. 2019, pages 1-22, May.
    2. Ricardo Vinuesa & Hossein Azizpour & Iolanda Leite & Madeline Balaam & Virginia Dignum & Sami Domisch & Anna Felländer & Simone Daniela Langhans & Max Tegmark & Francesco Fuso Nerini, 2020. "The role of artificial intelligence in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 11(1), pages 1-10, December.
    3. Ken Crofts & Jayne Bisman, 2010. "Interrogating accountability," Qualitative Research in Accounting & Management, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 7(2), pages 180-207, June.
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    2. Wala Bagunaid & Naveen Chilamkurti & Ahmad Salehi Shahraki & Saeed Bamashmos, 2024. "Visual Data and Pattern Analysis for Smart Education: A Robust DRL-Based Early Warning System for Student Performance Prediction," Future Internet, MDPI, vol. 16(6), pages 1-26, June.
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    5. Daina Gudoniene & Evelina Staneviciene & Vytautas Buksnaitis & Nicola Daley, 2023. "The Scenarios of Artificial Intelligence and Wireframes Implementation in Engineering Education," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(8), pages 1-18, April.
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    9. Jennie C. De Gagne, 2023. "The State of Artificial Intelligence in Nursing Education: Past, Present, and Future Directions," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(6), pages 1-4, March.
    10. Chih-Chang Yu & Yufeng (Leon) Wu, 2021. "Early Warning System for Online STEM Learning—A Slimmer Approach Using Recurrent Neural Networks," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(22), pages 1-17, November.
    11. Rocsana Bucea-Manea-Țoniş & Valentin Kuleto & Simona Corina Dobre Gudei & Costin Lianu & Cosmin Lianu & Milena P. Ilić & Dan Păun, 2022. "Artificial Intelligence Potential in Higher Education Institutions Enhanced Learning Environment in Romania and Serbia," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(10), pages 1-18, May.
    12. Sunghwan Hwang, 2022. "Examining the Effects of Artificial Intelligence on Elementary Students’ Mathematics Achievement: A Meta-Analysis," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(20), pages 1-18, October.

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