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Assessment of Environmental Impact of Aquaculture Ponds in the Western Delta Region of Andhra Pradesh

Author

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  • T. Vamsi Nagaraju

    (Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal, Mangaluru 575025, India
    Department of Civil Engineering, SRKR Engineering College, Bhimavaram 534204, India)

  • Sunil B. Malegole

    (Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal, Mangaluru 575025, India)

  • Babloo Chaudhary

    (Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal, Mangaluru 575025, India)

  • Gobinath Ravindran

    (Department of Civil Engineering, SR University, Warangal 506371, India)

Abstract

Aquaculture is persistent and well-established in the delta region of Andhra Pradesh. In recent years, the expansion of aquaculture has conferred positive economic growth in the newly formed state. However, the enormous development of aqua ponds increases the effluents from aquaculture which contain various chemical compounds that can cause negative impacts when released into the environment. This paper presents the effect of unengineered aquaculture on the environment in the delta region of Andhra Pradesh. The expansion rate of aquaculture practice in the delta region has been carried out using remote sensing and a geospatial information system. An experimental investigation was carried out on soil and water samples collected from the aquaculture ponds to evaluate the water quality parameters and soil characterization. Analysis of the geotechnical properties and microstructure was carried out to determine the interaction between the soil and the aquaculture contaminants. Based on the geospatial data and field survey, the aquaculture practice in the delta region of Andhra Pradesh was intensive and extended towards the northeast from the southwest. Between 2016 and 2020, aquaculture practice significantly increased by 6.08%. Moreover, the water quality parameters and pond bottom soil showed a higher concentration of ammonia and nitrates. Further, aquaculture leachate may interact with the subsoil and have a negative impact on soil mineralogy and hydraulic conductivity. The extensive experimental data and field surveys reveal that adequate guidelines are needed to control the pollution load on the ecosystem.

Suggested Citation

  • T. Vamsi Nagaraju & Sunil B. Malegole & Babloo Chaudhary & Gobinath Ravindran, 2022. "Assessment of Environmental Impact of Aquaculture Ponds in the Western Delta Region of Andhra Pradesh," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(20), pages 1-19, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:20:p:13035-:d:939696
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Abu Nasar Abdullah & Bronwyn Myers & Natasha Stacey & Kerstin K. Zander & Stephen T. Garnett, 2017. "The impact of the expansion of shrimp aquaculture on livelihoods in coastal Bangladesh," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 19(5), pages 2093-2114, October.
    2. Ahmed, Mahfuzuddin & Lorica, Mylene H., 2002. "Improving developing country food security through aquaculture development--lessons from Asia," Food Policy, Elsevier, vol. 27(2), pages 125-141, April.
    3. Junji Yuan & Jian Xiang & Deyan Liu & Hojeong Kang & Tiehu He & Sunghyun Kim & Yongxin Lin & Chris Freeman & Weixin Ding, 2019. "Rapid growth in greenhouse gas emissions from the adoption of industrial-scale aquaculture," Nature Climate Change, Nature, vol. 9(4), pages 318-322, April.
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    Cited by:

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    2. Diana Marcela Ruiz-Ordóñez & Yady Tatiana Solano-Correa & Rachael Maysels & Apolinar Figueroa-Casas, 2023. "Land-Use Dynamics and Water Quality in Andean Basins," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(22), pages 1-24, November.

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