IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v14y2022i19p12396-d929027.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Online Flipped and Gamification Classroom: Risks and Opportunities for the Academic Achievement of Adult Sustainable Learning during COVID-19 Pandemic

Author

Listed:
  • Lui-Kwan Ng

    (Department of Mathematics and Information Technology, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China)

  • Chung-Kwan Lo

    (Department of Mathematics and Information Technology, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China)

Abstract

The online traditional and the online flipped classroom approaches have been adopted worldwide in higher education during the prolonged city lockdowns. Research has suggested that gamification is a technopedagogy which can be integrated into these approaches to promote learning outcomes. Hence, this study aims to uncover various risks and opportunities involved in adopting the online flipped and gamified classroom approaches, especially in terms of their impact on academic achievement, for ensuring sustainable adult education during the pandemic. We conducted a mixed-method study grounded in self-determination theory and adult learning principles, in which learners enrolled in a postgraduate business management programme were divided into three instructional conditions for one module: a gamified online flipped class (GOFC, n = 25), a nongamified online flipped class (NOFC, n = 24), and a gamified online traditional class (GOTC, n = 19). Quantitative and qualitative data from the learners, teachers, and teaching assistants were collected and analysed to compare academic achievement across the classes. Contrary to the expectations of gamification proponents, the learners in the nongamified online flipped class significantly outperformed those in the two gamified online classes. Qualitative findings revealed that technical support, professional training for teachers, and building learners’ sense of belonging to their classes were necessary to ensure the sustainability of learning in fully online classes. The findings, thus, have important implications for the effective implementation of these pedagogical approaches in adult education programmes in a fully online environment.

Suggested Citation

  • Lui-Kwan Ng & Chung-Kwan Lo, 2022. "Online Flipped and Gamification Classroom: Risks and Opportunities for the Academic Achievement of Adult Sustainable Learning during COVID-19 Pandemic," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(19), pages 1-21, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:19:p:12396-:d:929027
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/14/19/12396/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/14/19/12396/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Adar Ben-Eliyahu, 2021. "Sustainable Learning in Education," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(8), pages 1-10, April.
    2. María Jesús Santos-Villalba & Juan José Leiva Olivencia & Magdalena Ramos Navas-Parejo & María Dolores Benítez-Márquez, 2020. "Higher Education Students’ Assessments towards Gamification and Sustainability: A Case Study," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(20), pages 1-20, October.
    3. Luckmika Perera & Peter Richardson, 2010. "Students' Use of Online Academic Resources within a Course Web Site and Its Relationship with Their Course Performance: An Exploratory Study," Accounting Education, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 19(6), pages 587-600.
    4. Johanna Andrea Navarro-Espinosa & Manuel Vaquero-Abellán & Alberto-Jesús Perea-Moreno & Gerardo Pedrós-Pérez & Maria del Pilar Martínez-Jiménez & Pilar Aparicio-Martínez, 2022. "Gamification as a Promoting Tool of Motivation for Creating Sustainable Higher Education Institutions," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(5), pages 1-20, February.
    5. Hasbullah Ashari & Iffat Abbas & Asmat-Nizam Abdul-Talib & Siti Norhasmaedayu Mohd Zamani, 2021. "Entrepreneurship and Sustainable Development Goals: A Multigroup Analysis of the Moderating Effects of Entrepreneurship Education on Entrepreneurial Intention," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(1), pages 1-13, December.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Karla Lobos & Rubia Cobo-Rendón & Diego García-Álvarez & Jorge Maldonado-Mahauad & Carola Bruna, 2023. "Lessons Learned from the Educational Experience during COVID-19 from the Perspective of Latin American University Students," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-20, January.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Lui-Kwan Ng & Chung-Kwan Lo, 2022. "Flipped Classroom and Gamification Approach: Its Impact on Performance and Academic Commitment on Sustainable Learning in Education," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-23, April.
    2. Jaydeep Mukherjee, 2018. "Using New Case Studies for Evaluation of Marketing Student’s Academic Performance," Vision, , vol. 22(1), pages 61-67, March.
    3. Kien Le, 2022. "Pre-Recorded Lectures, Live Online Lectures, and Student Academic Achievement," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(5), pages 1-10, March.
    4. Xu Cai & Lei Zhao & Xuchen Bai & Zihan Yang & Yujia Jiang & Peng Wang & Zhaoxin Huang, 2022. "Comprehensive Evaluation of Sustainable Development of Entrepreneurship Education in Chinese Universities Using Entropy–TOPSIS Method," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(22), pages 1-24, November.
    5. Chi-Hua Wu & Yu-Lin Chao & Jia-Ting Xiong & Ding-Bang Luh, 2022. "Gamification of Culture: A Strategy for Cultural Preservation and Local Sustainable Development," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(1), pages 1-19, December.
    6. Apostolou, Barbara & Dorminey, Jack W. & Hassell, John M. & Watson, Stephanie F., 2013. "Accounting education literature review (2010–2012)," Journal of Accounting Education, Elsevier, vol. 31(2), pages 107-161.
    7. Kristaps Lesinskis & Inese Mavlutova & Aivars Spilbergs & Janis Hermanis, 2023. "Digital Transformation in Entrepreneurship Education: The Use of a Digital Tool KABADA and Entrepreneurial Intention of Generation Z," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(13), pages 1-20, June.
    8. Simona Sternad Zabukovšek & Zdenko Deželak & Silvia Parusheva & Samo Bobek, 2022. "Attractiveness of Collaborative Platforms for Sustainable E-Learning in Business Studies," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(14), pages 1-25, July.
    9. Sungjin Park & Kyoungsoon Min & Sangkyun Kim, 2021. "Differences in Learning Motivation among Bartle’s Player Types and Measures for the Delivery of Sustainable Gameful Experiences," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(16), pages 1-10, August.
    10. Mahmood Al-Bashayreh & Dmaithan Almajali & Ahmad Altamimi & Ra’ed Masa’deh & Manaf Al-Okaily, 2022. "An Empirical Investigation of Reasons Influencing Student Acceptance and Rejection of Mobile Learning Apps Usage," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(7), pages 1-14, April.
    11. Renata Dana Nițu-Antonie & Emőke-Szidónia Feder & Kristina Stamenovic & Adrian Brudan, 2022. "A Moderated Serial–Parallel Mediation Model of Sustainable Entrepreneurial Intention of Youth with Higher Education Studies in Romania," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(20), pages 1-22, October.
    12. Renata Pereira Oliveira & Cristina Gomes de Souza & Augusto da Cunha Reis & Wallice Medeiros de Souza, 2021. "Gamification in E-Learning and Sustainability: A Theoretical Framework," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(21), pages 1-20, October.
    13. Johanna Andrea Navarro-Espinosa & Manuel Vaquero-Abellán & Alberto-Jesús Perea-Moreno & Gerardo Pedrós-Pérez & Maria del Pilar Martínez-Jiménez & Pilar Aparicio-Martínez, 2022. "Gamification as a Promoting Tool of Motivation for Creating Sustainable Higher Education Institutions," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(5), pages 1-20, February.
    14. Jack Li, 2022. "Using Flowchart to Help Students Learn Basic Circuit Theories Quickly," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(12), pages 1-12, June.
    15. Vincent Bicudo de Castro & Bhavani Sridharan & Kim Watty & Maryam Safari, 2021. "The impact of learner engagement on performance outcomes: a longitudinal study in accounting education," Accounting and Finance, Accounting and Finance Association of Australia and New Zealand, vol. 61(S1), pages 1639-1664, April.
    16. Dianne Forbes & Dilani Gedera & Maggie Hartnett & Ashwini Datt & Cheryl Brown, 2023. "Sustainable Strategies for Teaching and Learning Online," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(17), pages 1-17, August.
    17. Fahd Kamis Alzahrani & Waleed Salim Alhalafawy, 2023. "Gamification for Learning Sustainability in the Blackboard System: Motivators and Obstacles from Faculty Members’ Perspectives," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(5), pages 1-19, March.
    18. Maria José Sá & Ana Isabel Santos & Sandro Serpa & Carlos Miguel Ferreira, 2021. "Digitainability—Digital Competences Post-COVID-19 for a Sustainable Society," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(17), pages 1-22, August.
    19. Johanna Andrea Navarro-Espinosa & Manuel Vaquero-Abellán & Alberto-Jesús Perea-Moreno & Gerardo Pedrós-Pérez & Pilar Aparicio-Martínez & Mª Pilar Martínez-Jiménez, 2021. "The Higher Education Sustainability before and during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Spanish and Ecuadorian Case," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-22, June.
    20. Yi Liu & Zhigang Li, 2023. "International Research Review and Teaching Improvement Measures of College Students’ Learning Psychology under the Background of COVID-19," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-15, May.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:19:p:12396-:d:929027. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.