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Blockchain-Enabled Smart Grid Applications: Architecture, Challenges, and Solutions

Author

Listed:
  • Bhargav Appasani

    (School of Electronics Engineering, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Bhubaneswar 751024, India)

  • Sunil Kumar Mishra

    (School of Electronics Engineering, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Bhubaneswar 751024, India)

  • Amitkumar V. Jha

    (School of Electronics Engineering, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Bhubaneswar 751024, India)

  • Santosh Kumar Mishra

    (School of Electronics Engineering, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Bhubaneswar 751024, India)

  • Florentina Magda Enescu

    (Faculty of Electronics, Communication and Computers, University of Pitesti, 110040 Pitesti, Romania)

  • Ioan Sorin Sorlei

    (ICSI Energy, National Research and Development Institute for Cryogenic and Isotopic Technologies, 240050 Ramnicu Valcea, Romania)

  • Fernando Georgel Bîrleanu

    (Doctoral School, University Politehnica of Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei Street no. 313, 060042 Bucharest, Romania)

  • Noureddine Takorabet

    (Group of Research in Electrical Engineering of Nancy (GREEN), University of Lorraine, 2 Avenue de la Forêt de Haye, 54518 Vandeuvre lès Nancy, CEDEX, F-54000 Nancy, France)

  • Phatiphat Thounthong

    (Group of Research in Electrical Engineering of Nancy (GREEN), University of Lorraine, 2 Avenue de la Forêt de Haye, 54518 Vandeuvre lès Nancy, CEDEX, F-54000 Nancy, France
    Renewable Energy Research Centre (RERC), Department of Teacher Training in Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Technical Education, King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok, 1518 Pracharat 1 Road, Wongsawang, Bangsue, Bangkok 10800, Thailand)

  • Nicu Bizon

    (Faculty of Electronics, Communication and Computers, University of Pitesti, 110040 Pitesti, Romania
    ICSI Energy, National Research and Development Institute for Cryogenic and Isotopic Technologies, 240050 Ramnicu Valcea, Romania
    Doctoral School, University Politehnica of Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei Street no. 313, 060042 Bucharest, Romania)

Abstract

The conventional electrical grid is undergoing substantial growth for reliable grid operation and for more efficient and sustainable energy use. The traditional grid is now metamorphosing into a smart grid (SG) that incorporates a diverse, heterogeneous blend of operating measures such as smart appliances, meters, and renewable energy resources. With better efficient results and dependability, the SG can be described as a modern electric power grid architecture. The SG is one of the greatest potential advances as a promising solution for the energy crisis. However, it is complex and its decentralization could be of tremendous benefit. Moreover, digitalization and integration of a large number of growing connections make it a target of cyber-attacks. In this sense, blockchain is a promising SG paradigm solution that offers several excellent features. There has been considerable effort put into using blockchains in the smart grid for its decentralization and enhanced cybersecurity; however, it has not been thoroughly studied in both application and architectural perspectives. An in-depth study was conducted on blockchain-enabled SG applications. Blockchain architectures for various applications, such as the synchrophasor applications, electric vehicles, energy management systems, etc., were proposed. The purpose of this article is to provide directions for future research efforts aimed at secure and decentralized SG applications using blockchain.

Suggested Citation

  • Bhargav Appasani & Sunil Kumar Mishra & Amitkumar V. Jha & Santosh Kumar Mishra & Florentina Magda Enescu & Ioan Sorin Sorlei & Fernando Georgel Bîrleanu & Noureddine Takorabet & Phatiphat Thounthong , 2022. "Blockchain-Enabled Smart Grid Applications: Architecture, Challenges, and Solutions," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(14), pages 1-33, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:14:p:8801-:d:865717
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

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    2. Felipe Condon & Patricia Franco & José M. Martínez & Ali M. Eltamaly & Young-Chon Kim & Mohamed A. Ahmed, 2023. "EnergyAuction: IoT-Blockchain Architecture for Local Peer-to-Peer Energy Trading in a Microgrid," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(17), pages 1-28, September.
    3. Bo Wei & Wenfei Liu & Chong Shao & Yong Yang & Yanbing Su & Zhaoyuan Wu, 2023. "Energy Storage Sharing for Multiple Services Provision: A Computable Combinatorial Auction Design," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(16), pages 1-19, August.
    4. Florentina Magda Enescu & Fernando Georgel Birleanu & Maria Simona Raboaca & Nicu Bizon & Phatiphat Thounthong, 2022. "A Review of the Public Transport Services Based on the Blockchain Technology," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(20), pages 1-34, October.
    5. Muhammad Waseem & Muhammad Adnan Khan & Arman Goudarzi & Shah Fahad & Intisar Ali Sajjad & Pierluigi Siano, 2023. "Incorporation of Blockchain Technology for Different Smart Grid Applications: Architecture, Prospects, and Challenges," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(2), pages 1-29, January.
    6. Vinay Simha Reddy Tappeta & Bhargav Appasani & Suprava Patnaik & Taha Selim Ustun, 2022. "A Review on Emerging Communication and Computational Technologies for Increased Use of Plug-In Electric Vehicles," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(18), pages 1-26, September.
    7. Wenbing Zhao & Quan Qi & Jiong Zhou & Xiong Luo, 2023. "Blockchain-Based Applications for Smart Grids: An Umbrella Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(17), pages 1-35, August.
    8. Tehseen Mazhar & Hafiz Muhammad Irfan & Sunawar Khan & Inayatul Haq & Inam Ullah & Muhammad Iqbal & Habib Hamam, 2023. "Analysis of Cyber Security Attacks and Its Solutions for the Smart grid Using Machine Learning and Blockchain Methods," Future Internet, MDPI, vol. 15(2), pages 1-37, February.
    9. Amitkumar V. Jha & Bhargav Appasani & Deepak Kumar Gupta & Bharati S. Ainapure & Nicu Bizon, 2023. "A Blockchain-Enabled Approach for Enhancing Synchrophasor Measurement in Smart Grid 3.0," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(19), pages 1-20, October.

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