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A Blockchain-Supported Framework for Charging Management of Electric Vehicles

Author

Listed:
  • Marina Dorokhova

    (École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), STI IMT PV-LAB, CH-2002 Neuchâtel, Switzerland)

  • Jérémie Vianin

    (Research Institute of Information Systems—Easilab, HES-SO Valais/Wallis, CH-3960 Sierre, Switzerland)

  • Jean-Marie Alder

    (Research Institute of Information Systems—Easilab, HES-SO Valais/Wallis, CH-3960 Sierre, Switzerland)

  • Christophe Ballif

    (École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), STI IMT PV-LAB, CH-2002 Neuchâtel, Switzerland)

  • Nicolas Wyrsch

    (École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), STI IMT PV-LAB, CH-2002 Neuchâtel, Switzerland)

  • David Wannier

    (Research Institute of Information Systems—Easilab, HES-SO Valais/Wallis, CH-3960 Sierre, Switzerland)

Abstract

Profound changes driven by decarbonization, decentralization, and digitalization are disrupting the energy industry, bringing new challenges to its key stakeholders. In the attempt to address the climate change issue, increasing penetration of renewables and mobility electrification augment the complexity of the electric grid, thus calling for new management approaches to govern energy exchanges while ensuring reliable and secure operations. The emerging blockchain technology is regarded as one of the most promising solutions to respond to the matter in a decentralized, efficient, fast, and secure way. In this work, we propose an Ethereum-based charging management framework for electric vehicles (EVs), tightly interlinked with physical and software infrastructure and implemented in a real-world demonstration site. With a specifically designed solidity-based smart contract governing the charging process, the proposed framework enables secure and reliable accounting of energy exchanges in a network of trustless peers, thus facilitating the EVs’ deployment and encouraging the adoption of blockchain technology for everyday tasks such as EV charging through private and semi-private charging infrastructure. The results of a multi-actor implementation case study in Switzerland demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed blockchain framework and highlight its potential to reduce costs in a typical EV charging business model. Moreover, the study shows that the suggested framework can speed up the charging and billing processes for EV users, simplify the access to energy markets for charging station owners, and facilitate the interaction between the two through specifically designed mobile and web applications. The implementation presented in this paper can be used as a guideline for future blockchain applications for EV charging and other smart grid projects.

Suggested Citation

  • Marina Dorokhova & Jérémie Vianin & Jean-Marie Alder & Christophe Ballif & Nicolas Wyrsch & David Wannier, 2021. "A Blockchain-Supported Framework for Charging Management of Electric Vehicles," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-32, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:21:p:7144-:d:669767
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Di Silvestre, Maria Luisa & Favuzza, Salvatore & Riva Sanseverino, Eleonora & Zizzo, Gaetano, 2018. "How Decarbonization, Digitalization and Decentralization are changing key power infrastructures," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 93(C), pages 483-498.
    2. Madina, Carlos & Zamora, Inmaculada & Zabala, Eduardo, 2016. "Methodology for assessing electric vehicle charging infrastructure business models," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 89(C), pages 284-293.
    3. Zhang, Tianyang & Pota, Himanshu & Chu, Chi-Cheng & Gadh, Rajit, 2018. "Real-time renewable energy incentive system for electric vehicles using prioritization and cryptocurrency," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 226(C), pages 582-594.
    4. Dorokhova, Marina & Martinson, Yann & Ballif, Christophe & Wyrsch, Nicolas, 2021. "Deep reinforcement learning control of electric vehicle charging in the presence of photovoltaic generation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 301(C).
    5. Andoni, Merlinda & Robu, Valentin & Flynn, David & Abram, Simone & Geach, Dale & Jenkins, David & McCallum, Peter & Peacock, Andrew, 2019. "Blockchain technology in the energy sector: A systematic review of challenges and opportunities," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 100(C), pages 143-174.
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    Cited by:

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    2. Muhammad Waseem & Muhammad Adnan Khan & Arman Goudarzi & Shah Fahad & Intisar Ali Sajjad & Pierluigi Siano, 2023. "Incorporation of Blockchain Technology for Different Smart Grid Applications: Architecture, Prospects, and Challenges," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(2), pages 1-29, January.
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    5. Vinay Simha Reddy Tappeta & Bhargav Appasani & Suprava Patnaik & Taha Selim Ustun, 2022. "A Review on Emerging Communication and Computational Technologies for Increased Use of Plug-In Electric Vehicles," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(18), pages 1-26, September.

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